dpkg: 错误处理 /var/cache/apt/archives/python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--unpack)

Question

我有一个问题（问题 199582）已解决。不幸的是，我现在被困在这一点上。

跑步

root@X100e:/var/cache/apt/archives# apt-get dist-upgrade 
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  file libexpat1 libmagic1 libreadline6 libsqlite3-0 mime-support python python-minimal python2.6 python2.6-minimal readline-common
0 upgraded, 11 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 0B/5,204kB of archives.
After this operation, 19.7MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue [Y/n]? Y
(Reading database ... 6108 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from .../python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...
new installation of python2.6-minimal; /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages is a directory
which is expected a symlink to /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages.
please find the package shipping files in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages and
file a bug report to ship these in /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages instead
aborting installation of python2.6-minimal
dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--unpack):
 subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 /var/cache/apt/archives/python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

导致上述错误。

跑步

root@X100e:/var/cache/apt/archives# dpkg -i python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb 
(Reading database ... 6108 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...
new installation of python2.6-minimal; /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages is a directory
which is expected a symlink to /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages.
please find the package shipping files in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages and
file a bug report to ship these in /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages instead
aborting installation of python2.6-minimal
dpkg: error processing python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--install):
 subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb

导致上述错误。

跑步

root@X100e:/var/cache/apt/archives# dpkg -i --force-depends python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb 
(Reading database ... 6108 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking python2.6-minimal (from python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb) ...
new installation of python2.6-minimal; /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages is a directory
which is expected a symlink to /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages.
please find the package shipping files in /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages and
file a bug report to ship these in /usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages instead
aborting installation of python2.6-minimal
dpkg: error processing python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb (--install):
 subprocess new pre-installation script returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
 python2.6-minimal_2.6.6-5ubuntu1_i386.deb

无法解决这个问题。

任何线索如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

错误消息抱怨它/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages是一个目录，但应该是一个符号链接。最可能的解释是您安装了一些不符合当前 python 打包策略的包（额外的包进入/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages），而是将文件放在/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages.

运行dpkg -S /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages以查看您拥有哪些不符合当前策略的包。该错误消息促使您报告针对这些包的错误。

简单的解决方案是删除有问题的包。

另一种可能性是您在/usr/lib/python2.6/dist-packages没有通过 deb 包管理器的情况下安装了东西。在这种情况下，将这些东西移到/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages. 一般来说，你不应该在安装或改变任何东西/usr，除了一路过关斩将dpkg调用，或更高级别的程序（apt-get，aptitude，突触，...）。例外是/usr/local，您可以在其中做任何您喜欢的事情。如果dpkg -S /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages告诉您该目录下没有软件包安装任何文件，您可以简单地将该目录移动到它应该在的位置：

mv /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages

或者如果目标目录已经存在：

mv -i /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/* /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages/
rmdir /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages

如果您有要保留安装的旧策略软件包，我认为您可以使用以下解决方法：

mkdir -p /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages
mv -i /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/* /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages
rmdir /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages
ln -s /usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages

如果mv命令抱怨某些目标已存在，则需要逐案解决。

如果你使用的解决办法，为相当混乱，如果你在安装非DEB Python包准备/usr/local，如/usr/local/lib/python2.6/dist-packages将包含的dpkg管理的一些文件。此外，我不完全确定这不会导致任何包管理问题，例如以后升级或删除有问题的包时会出现错误。仅当您准备好稍后进行更多故障排除时才尝试解决方法。同样，安全的选择是在升级包之前删除有问题的python包。