无法使用 Nginx 和 Uvicorn 连接到 websocket

Question

我用 Django、Uvicorn、Nginx 和 Redis 构建了一个 docker 容器，并且正在使用 django-channels，但是当我运行它时，它说它无法连接到 websocket，这可以在浏览器控制台中看到：

WebSocket connection to 'ws://127.0.0.1:8080/ws/notifications/' failed

当我使用 Django 的 runserver 命令进行开发时，它工作正常，但当我包含 Nginx 和 Uvicorn 时，它就崩溃了。

入口点.sh：

gunicorn roomway.asgi:application --forwarded-allow-ips='*' --bind 0.0.0.0:8000 -k uvicorn.workers.UvicornWorker

Nginx 配置：

upstream django {
    server app:8000;
}

map $http_upgrade $connection_upgrade {
    default upgrade;
    '' close;
}

server {
    listen 8080;

    location /static {
        alias /vol/static;
    }

    location /ws/ {
        proxy_pass http://0.0.0.0:8000;
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
    }

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://django;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        proxy_set_header Upgrade $http_upgrade;
        proxy_set_header Connection $connection_upgrade;
        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_buffering off;
    }
}

设置.py：

CHANNEL_LAYERS={
    'default': {
        'BACKEND': 'channels_redis.core.RedisChannelLayer',
        'CONFIG': {
            'hosts': [('redis', 6379)],  #Redis port
        }
    }
}

处理套接字的 JS 文件：

var wsStart = "ws://"    
var webSocketEndpoint =  wsStart + window.location.host + '/ws/notifications/'
const notificationSocket = new WebSocket(webSocketEndpoint)

asgi.py:

application = ProtocolTypeRouter({
    "http": django_asgi_app,
    "websocket": AuthMiddlewareStack(
        URLRouter([
            url(r'^ws/notifications/', NotificationConsumer.as_asgi()),
            path("ws/<str:room_name>/", ChatConsumer.as_asgi())            
        ])
    )
})

Nginx 使用上面的代码抛出此错误：

[error] 23#23: *4 connect() failed (111: Connection refused) while connecting to upstream, server: , request: "GET /ws/notifications/ HTTP/1.1", upstream: "http://0.0.0.0:8000/ws/notifications/", host: "127.0.0.1:8080"

当我将 改为proxy_pass时http://django，0.0.0.0Nginx 不再抛出该错误，但我在控制台上收到相同的错误。这次 Django 也抛出了这些警告：

[WARNING] Unsupported upgrade request.       
[WARNING] No supported WebSocket library detected. Please use 'pip install uvicorn[standard]', or install 'websockets' or 'wsproto' manually.

Answer 1

正如Iain Shelvington的评论中指出的，似乎 websockets 不包含在 uvicorn 的基本安装中

pip uninstall uvicorn
pip install 'uvicorn[standard]'