计算多个纬度/经度坐标对的中心点

Question

给定一组纬度和经度点,如何计算该集合中心点的纬度和经度(也就是将所有点的视图居中的点)？

编辑:我用过的Python解决方案:

Convert lat/lon (must be in radians) to Cartesian coordinates for each location.
X = cos(lat) * cos(lon)
Y = cos(lat) * sin(lon)
Z = sin(lat)

Compute average x, y and z coordinates.
x = (x1 + x2 + ... + xn) / n
y = (y1 + y2 + ... + yn) / n
z = (z1 + z2 + ... + zn) / n

Convert average x, y, z coordinate to latitude and longitude.
Lon = atan2(y, x)
Hyp = sqrt(x * x + y * y)
Lat = atan2(z, hyp)

Answer 1

谢谢!这是使用度数的OP解决方案的C#版本.它使用System.Device.Location.GeoCoordinate类

    public static GeoCoordinate GetCentralGeoCoordinate(
        IList<GeoCoordinate> geoCoordinates)
    {
        if (geoCoordinates.Count == 1)
        {
            return geoCoordinates.Single();
        }

        double x = 0;
        double y = 0;
        double z = 0;

        foreach (var geoCoordinate in geoCoordinates)
        {
            var latitude = geoCoordinate.Latitude * Math.PI / 180;
            var longitude = geoCoordinate.Longitude * Math.PI / 180;

            x += Math.Cos(latitude) * Math.Cos(longitude);
            y += Math.Cos(latitude) * Math.Sin(longitude);
            z += Math.Sin(latitude);
        }

        var total = geoCoordinates.Count;

        x = x / total;
        y = y / total;
        z = z / total;

        var centralLongitude = Math.Atan2(y, x);
        var centralSquareRoot = Math.Sqrt(x * x + y * y);
        var centralLatitude = Math.Atan2(z, centralSquareRoot);

        return new GeoCoordinate(centralLatitude * 180 / Math.PI, centralLongitude * 180 / Math.PI);
    }

Answer 2

只需平均它们的简单方法就有奇怪的边缘情况,当它们从359'回到0'时会有角度.

一对这么多的问题早被问及找到一组罗盘角度的平均值.

对于球面坐标推荐的方法的扩展将是:

• 将每个纬度/经度对转换为单位长度的3D矢量.
• 对每个向量求和
• 归一化得到的矢量
• 转换回球面坐标

Answer 3

我发现这篇文章非常有用,所以这里是PHP的解决方案.我一直在成功使用它,只是想在一段时间内保存另一个开发者.

/**
 * Get a center latitude,longitude from an array of like geopoints
 *
 * @param array data 2 dimensional array of latitudes and longitudes
 * For Example:
 * $data = array
 * (
 *   0 = > array(45.849382, 76.322333),
 *   1 = > array(45.843543, 75.324143),
 *   2 = > array(45.765744, 76.543223),
 *   3 = > array(45.784234, 74.542335)
 * );
*/
function GetCenterFromDegrees($data)
{
    if (!is_array($data)) return FALSE;

    $num_coords = count($data);

    $X = 0.0;
    $Y = 0.0;
    $Z = 0.0;

    foreach ($data as $coord)
    {
        $lat = $coord[0] * pi() / 180;
        $lon = $coord[1] * pi() / 180;

        $a = cos($lat) * cos($lon);
        $b = cos($lat) * sin($lon);
        $c = sin($lat);

        $X += $a;
        $Y += $b;
        $Z += $c;
    }

    $X /= $num_coords;
    $Y /= $num_coords;
    $Z /= $num_coords;

    $lon = atan2($Y, $X);
    $hyp = sqrt($X * $X + $Y * $Y);
    $lat = atan2($Z, $hyp);

    return array($lat * 180 / pi(), $lon * 180 / pi());
}

Answer 4

非常有用的帖子!我在JavaScript中实现了这一点,特此是我的代码.我成功地使用了这个.

function rad2degr(rad) { return rad * 180 / Math.PI; }
function degr2rad(degr) { return degr * Math.PI / 180; }

/**
 * @param latLngInDeg array of arrays with latitude and longtitude
 *   pairs in degrees. e.g. [[latitude1, longtitude1], [latitude2
 *   [longtitude2] ...]
 *
 * @return array with the center latitude longtitude pairs in 
 *   degrees.
 */
function getLatLngCenter(latLngInDegr) {
    var LATIDX = 0;
    var LNGIDX = 1;
    var sumX = 0;
    var sumY = 0;
    var sumZ = 0;

    for (var i=0; i<latLngInDegr.length; i++) {
        var lat = degr2rad(latLngInDegr[i][LATIDX]);
        var lng = degr2rad(latLngInDegr[i][LNGIDX]);
        // sum of cartesian coordinates
        sumX += Math.cos(lat) * Math.cos(lng);
        sumY += Math.cos(lat) * Math.sin(lng);
        sumZ += Math.sin(lat);
    }

    var avgX = sumX / latLngInDegr.length;
    var avgY = sumY / latLngInDegr.length;
    var avgZ = sumZ / latLngInDegr.length;

    // convert average x, y, z coordinate to latitude and longtitude
    var lng = Math.atan2(avgY, avgX);
    var hyp = Math.sqrt(avgX * avgX + avgY * avgY);
    var lat = Math.atan2(avgZ, hyp);

    return ([rad2degr(lat), rad2degr(lng)]);
}

Answer 5

为了节省一两分钟的时间,这里是Objective-C而不是python中使用的解决方案.这个版本采用NSArray的NSValues包含MKMapCoordinates,这在我的实现中被调用:

#import <MapKit/MKGeometry.h>

+ (CLLocationCoordinate2D)centerCoordinateForCoordinates:(NSArray *)coordinateArray {
    double x = 0;
    double y = 0;
    double z = 0;

    for(NSValue *coordinateValue in coordinateArray) {
        CLLocationCoordinate2D coordinate = [coordinateValue MKCoordinateValue];

        double lat = GLKMathDegreesToRadians(coordinate.latitude);
        double lon = GLKMathDegreesToRadians(coordinate.longitude);
        x += cos(lat) * cos(lon);
        y += cos(lat) * sin(lon);
        z += sin(lat);
    }

    x = x / (double)coordinateArray.count;
    y = y / (double)coordinateArray.count;
    z = z / (double)coordinateArray.count;

    double resultLon = atan2(y, x);
    double resultHyp = sqrt(x * x + y * y);
    double resultLat = atan2(z, resultHyp);

    CLLocationCoordinate2D result = CLLocationCoordinate2DMake(GLKMathRadiansToDegrees(resultLat), GLKMathRadiansToDegrees(resultLon));
    return result;
}

Answer 6

Javascript版本的原始功能

/**
 * Get a center latitude,longitude from an array of like geopoints
 *
 * @param array data 2 dimensional array of latitudes and longitudes
 * For Example:
 * $data = array
 * (
 *   0 = > array(45.849382, 76.322333),
 *   1 = > array(45.843543, 75.324143),
 *   2 = > array(45.765744, 76.543223),
 *   3 = > array(45.784234, 74.542335)
 * );
*/
function GetCenterFromDegrees(data)
{       
    if (!(data.length > 0)){
        return false;
    } 

    var num_coords = data.length;

    var X = 0.0;
    var Y = 0.0;
    var Z = 0.0;

    for(i = 0; i < data.length; i++){
        var lat = data[i][0] * Math.PI / 180;
        var lon = data[i][1] * Math.PI / 180;

        var a = Math.cos(lat) * Math.cos(lon);
        var b = Math.cos(lat) * Math.sin(lon);
        var c = Math.sin(lat);

        X += a;
        Y += b;
        Z += c;
    }

    X /= num_coords;
    Y /= num_coords;
    Z /= num_coords;

    var lon = Math.atan2(Y, X);
    var hyp = Math.sqrt(X * X + Y * Y);
    var lat = Math.atan2(Z, hyp);

    var newX = (lat * 180 / Math.PI);
    var newY = (lon * 180 / Math.PI);

    return new Array(newX, newY);
}

Answer 7

非常好的解决方案,正是我所需的快速项目,所以这里是一个快捷的端口.谢谢,这里也是一个游乐场项目:https: //github.com/ppoh71/playgounds/tree/master/centerLocationPoint.playground

/*
* calculate the center point of multiple latitude longitude coordinate-pairs
*/

import CoreLocation
import GLKit

var LocationPoints = [CLLocationCoordinate2D]()

//add some points to Location ne, nw, sw, se , it's a rectangle basicaly
LocationPoints.append(CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 37.627512369999998, longitude: -122.38780611999999))
LocationPoints.append(CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 37.627512369999998, longitude:  -122.43105867))
LocationPoints.append(CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 37.56502528, longitude: -122.43105867))
LocationPoints.append(CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: 37.56502528, longitude: -122.38780611999999))

// center func
func getCenterCoord(LocationPoints: [CLLocationCoordinate2D]) -> CLLocationCoordinate2D{

    var x:Float = 0.0;
    var y:Float = 0.0;
    var z:Float = 0.0;

    for points in LocationPoints {

     let lat = GLKMathDegreesToRadians(Float(points.latitude));
     let long = GLKMathDegreesToRadians(Float(points.longitude));

        x += cos(lat) * cos(long);
        y += cos(lat) * sin(long);
        z += sin(lat);
    }

    x = x / Float(LocationPoints.count);
    y = y / Float(LocationPoints.count);
    z = z / Float(LocationPoints.count);

    let resultLong = atan2(y, x);
    let resultHyp = sqrt(x * x + y * y);
    let resultLat = atan2(z, resultHyp);



    let result = CLLocationCoordinate2D(latitude: CLLocationDegrees(GLKMathRadiansToDegrees(Float(resultLat))), longitude: CLLocationDegrees(GLKMathRadiansToDegrees(Float(resultLong))));

    return result;

}

//get the centerpoint
var centerPoint = getCenterCoord(LocationPoints)
print("Latitude: \(centerPoint.latitude) / Longitude: \(centerPoint.longitude)")

Answer 8

如果有人需要的话，Java 版本。常量定义为静态以不计算它们两次。

/**************************************************************************************************************
 *   Center of geometry defined by coordinates
 **************************************************************************************************************/
private static double pi = Math.PI / 180;
private static double xpi = 180 / Math.PI;

public static Coordinate center(Coordinate... arr) {
    if (arr.length == 1) {
        return arr[0];
    }
    double x = 0, y = 0, z = 0;

    for (Coordinate c : arr) {
        double latitude = c.lat() * pi, longitude = c.lon() * pi;
        double cl = Math.cos(latitude);//save it as we need it twice
        x += cl * Math.cos(longitude);
        y += cl * Math.sin(longitude);
        z += Math.sin(latitude);
    }

    int total = arr.length;

    x = x / total;
    y = y / total;
    z = z / total;

    double centralLongitude = Math.atan2(y, x);
    double centralSquareRoot = Math.sqrt(x * x + y * y);
    double centralLatitude = Math.atan2(z, centralSquareRoot);

    return new Coordinate(centralLatitude * xpi, centralLongitude * xpi);
}