kmi*_*las 3 c++ smart-pointers shared-ptr c++11
尝试创建shared_ptr到int的向量.
我哪里错了?谢谢.基思:^)
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
int main() {
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<int> > w;
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<int> >::iterator it_w;
w.push_back(new int(7));
std::cout << std::endl;
}
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编译结果:
pickledegg> g++ -std=c++11 -o shared_ptr shared_ptr.cpp
shared_ptr.cpp:29:4: error: no matching member function for call to 'push_back'
w.push_back(new int(7));
~~^~~~~~~~~
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/vector:697:36: note:
candidate function not viable: no known conversion from 'int *' to 'const value_type' (aka
'const std::__1::shared_ptr<int>') for 1st argument
_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void push_back(const_reference __x);
^
/Applications/Xcode.app/Contents/Developer/Toolchains/XcodeDefault.xctoolchain/usr/bin/../include/c++/v1/vector:699:36: note:
candidate function not viable: no known conversion from 'int *' to 'value_type' (aka
'std::__1::shared_ptr<int>') for 1st argument
_LIBCPP_INLINE_VISIBILITY void push_back(value_type&& __x);
^
1 error generated.
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std::shared_ptr<T>接受原始指针的构造函数被标记为显式.来源.您将无法调用push_back与原始指针,因为它不是隐式转换为std::shared_ptr<int>这正是push_back需要作为参数.解决方案是使用emplace_back代替push_back或使用std::make_shared<int>.
emplace_back 匹配给予T的构造函数之一的参数.
w.emplace_back(new int(7));
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std::make_shared<int>返回一个类型的对象std::shared_ptr<int>,避免这个问题.
w.push_back(std::make_shared<int>(7));
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您可以组合这些解决方案.
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <memory>
int main(int argc, char** argv) {
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<int> > w;
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<int> >::iterator it_w;
w.emplace_back(std::make_shared<int>(7));
std::cout << std::endl;
}
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编辑:作为一个附加的注释,总是喜欢std::make_shared<T>(...)了std::shared_ptr<T>(new T(...)).它旨在避免非常微妙的潜在内存泄漏.它还优雅地避免了new没有delete它可能会打扰某些人的情况.
编辑2:此外,它std::make_shared<T>(...)有一个性能优势,它避免在`std :: shared_ptr(new T(...))中的额外分配' 看到这个答案.
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