比特币 - 如何建立原始交易？

Question

根据其他问题的列表,我需要构建一个原始事务:

1. listunspent - 您将获得所有未花费的交易清单
2. 您可以确定要花费哪些
3. 您可以使用createrawtransaction创建输入/输出,从正在播放的交易列表中获取txid和vout,以及构成"货币供应"的交易列表.
4. 用于signrawtransaction对创建的事务进行签名
5. 使用sendrawtransaction送签交易

但是有一个大问题 - listunspent显示实际已经花费的未支出金额,因此,我将来会有足够的资金错误或负余额......

例如:

创建地址15d8uY8uubNFnn3DXaoGN123ZCRkm3HJK9.
发送给它0.01 BTC.
后来从这个地址发送0.00400000,费用为0.00010714:

    [
      {
        "account": "login_67",
        "address": "15d8uY8uubNFnn3DXaoGN123ZCRkm3HJK9",
------> "category": "receive",
        "amount": 0.01000000,
        "label": "login_67",
        "vout": 0,
        "confirmations": 628,
        "blockhash": "0000000000000000006bf20ac85a50d3e014a636b51231c78c6b27fe0a8e9223",
        "blockindex": 2,
        "blocktime": 1463753010,
        "txid": "f37679b68c8ee3cd362b5bb15b2d8007af4eab173eee2d6269a132b9491a55ad",
        "walletconflicts": [
        ],
        "time": 1463752690,
        "timereceived": 1463752690,
        "bip125-replaceable": "no"
      },
      {
        "account": "login_67",
        "address": "1BeqRNunznfwuFHnufXLFRhaCDm1mrvMS6",
------> "category": "send",
        "amount": -0.00400000,
        "vout": 1,
        "fee": -0.00010714,
        "confirmations": 609,
        "blockhash": "000000000000000000699cd44c4aed1eeb9c66181f6260bfe41473e66e1ece06",
        "blockindex": 1614,
        "blocktime": 1463767099,
        "txid": "9a39b070d8f21ddf9bd16e641c4b252c2da701336fd36b707ca072fd1ca11d58",
        "walletconflicts": [
        ],
        "time": 1463766747,
        "timereceived": 1463766747,
        "bip125-replaceable": "no",
        "abandoned": false
      }
    ]

Getbalance显示正确的余额0.00589286

并且listunspent显示有关可用资金的错误信息:

[
  {
    "txid": "f37679b68c8ee3cd362b5bb15b2d8007af4eab173eee2d6269a132b9491a55ad",
    "vout": 0,
    "address": "15d8uY8uubNFnn3DXaoGN123ZCRkm3HJK9",
    "account": "login_67",
    "scriptPubKey": "76a91432b613c311d4c9c72f3ed1ba5e2c1d96645bd2da88ac",
    "amount": 0.01000000,
    "confirmations": 628,
    "spendable": true
  }
]

就像没有任何发送交易一样.

那么如何从TX收集所有未花费的资金呢？

谢谢你的回答.

Answer 1

场景:

迈克尔从Pablo获得了0.05亿BTC,从Kuradang获得了另外0.01亿BTC.迈克尔还希望向贝腾发送0.02500000 BTC.迈克尔收到的每笔金额都有相应的T和其他细节.让我们使用listunspent命令检查出来,然后使用命令创建一个原始事务,然后使用createrawtransaction它来 signrawtransaction发送原始事务 sendrawtransaction.

鉴于:

• 迈克尔的比特币地址:mkrzDhhZtzQm8zgckSs4fMNrvtNJ66zaFe
• Berteng的比特币地址:mxh3H416KCRoBDiweSESew5YJyAk1nxLrN
• 发送至Berteng:0.02500000 mBTC

步骤1)

listunspent

格式:

$ bitcoin-cli listunspent [misconf=1] [max_number_confirmation=99999999] '''["<wallet_address>"]'''

让我们使用他的地址查看迈克尔未花费的清单.

执行:

$ bitcoin-cli listunspent 1 99999999 '''["mkrzDhhZtzQm8zgckSs4fMNrvtNJ66zaFe"]'''

结果:

[{
    "txid": "12b8e7ede4992f4d30f93idj3085746951d945e39f40becebd7c290af8c2e7ad",
    "vout": 1,
    "address": "mkrzDhhZtzQm8zgckSs4fMNrvtNJ66zaFe",
    "account": "micz",
    "scriptPubKey": "76a9143aa28e1740a6a5a2190975b6e7f1ad67aaec9a3988ac",
    "amount": 0.05000000,
    "confirmations": 94,
    "spendable": true
}, {
    "txid": "8443bc63b65d569ff9ekwm37sy3b67b9c7c6f8f386c3cdf372b260961b64ec9fc",
    "vout": 1,
    "address": "mkrzDhhZtzQm8zgckSs4fMNrvtNJ66zaFe",
    "account": "micz",
    "scriptPubKey": "76a9143aa28e1740a6a5a2190975b6e7f1ad67aaec9a3988ac",
    "amount": 0.01000000,
    "confirmations": 93,
    "spendable": true
}]

我们在这里看到的是将50和10 mBTC分配给我们的地址mkrz的结果.... 要花费此输出,我们将创建一个新事务.

第2步)

createrawtransaction

我们需要从结果中选择一些具有足够数量的块listunspent.由于我们只需要发送0.02500000 mBTC,我认为第一个块有足够的金额来进行交易.

格式:

$ bitcoin-cli createrawtransaction
    '[{
        "txid" : "<txid_of_selected_block>",
        "vout" : <vout>
    }]'
    '{"<recipient_address>": <amount_to_send>, "<sender_address>": <amount_change>}'

要支付费用,我们会将变化输出减少0.5毫米,如下所示.

执行:

$ bitcoin-cli createrawtransaction
    '[{
        "txid" : "12b8e7ede4992f4d30f93idj3085746951d945e39f40becebd7c290af8c2e7ad",
        "vout" : 0
    }]'
    '{"mxh3H416KCRoBDiweSESew5YJyAk1nxLrN": 0.025, "mkrzDhhZtzQm8zgckSs4fMNrvtNJ66zaFe": 0.0245}'

结果

0100000001e34ac1e2baac09c366fce1c2245536bda8f7db0f6685862aecf53ebd69f9a89c0000000000ffffffff02a0252600000000001976a914d90d36e98f62968d2bc9bbd68107564a156a9bcf88ac50622500000000001976a91407bdb518fa2e6089fd810235cf1100c9c13d1fd288ac00000000

该createrawtransaction命令生成一个原始十六进制字符串,用于对我们提供的事务详细信息进 如果你想解码hex只是使用decoderawtransaction命令.

第3步)

signrawtransaction

使用存储在钱包中或在呼叫中提供的私钥以序列化交易格式签署交易.

格式:

$ bitcoin-cli signrawtransaction <hex_createrawtransaction>

执行:

$ bitcoin-cli signrawtransaction 0100000001e34ac1e2baac09c366fce1c2245536bda8f7db0f6685862aecf53ebd69f9a89c0000000000ffffffff02a0252600000000001976a914d90d36e98f62968d2bc9bbd68107564a156a9bcf88ac50622500000000001976a91407bdb518fa2e6089fd810235cf1100c9c13d1fd288ac00000000

结果:

{
   "hex" : "0100000001e34ac1e2baac09c366fce1c2245536bda8f7db0f6685862aecf53ebd69f9a89c000000006a47304402203e8a16522da80cef66bacfbc0c800c6d52c4a26d1d86a54e0a1b76d661f020c9022010397f00149f2a8fb2bc5bca52f2d7a7f87e3897a273ef54b277e4af52051a06012103c9700559f690c4a9182faa8bed88ad8a0c563777ac1d3f00fd44ea6c71dc5127ffffffff02a0252600000000001976a914d90d36e98f62968d2bc9bbd68107564a156a9bcf88ac50622500000000001976a91407bdb518fa2e6089fd810235cf1100c9c13d1fd288ac00000000",
   "complete" : true
}

现在该signrawtransaction命令返回另一个十六进制编码的原始事务.

第4步)

sendrawtransaction

RPC验证事务并将其广播到对等网络.

格式:

$ bitcoin-cli sendrawtransaction <hex_signrawtransaction>

执行:

$ bitcoin-cli sendrawtransaction 0100000001e34ac1e2baac09c366fce1c2245536bda8f7db0f6685862aecf53ebd69f9a89c000000006a47304402203e8a16522da80cef66bacfbc0c800c6d52c4a26d1d86a54e0a1b76d661f020c9022010397f00149f2a8fb2bc5bca52f2d7a7f87e3897a273ef54b277e4af52051a06012103c9700559f690c4a9182faa8bed88ad8a0c563777ac1d3f00fd44ea6c71dc5127ffffffff02a0252600000000001976a914d90d36e98f62968d2bc9bbd68107564a156a9bcf88ac50622500000000001976a91407bdb518fa2e6089fd810235cf1100c9c13d1fd288ac00000000

结果:

ae74538baa914f3799081ba78429d5d84f36a0127438e9f721dff584ac17b346

该命令sendrawtransaction在网络上提交事务时返回事务哈希(TXID).为了检查交易哈希值,你可以去blockchain.info或testnet.blockchain.info为Testnet网络.