Fly*_*Cat 6 php oop abstract-class interface class
可能重复:
PHP:接口和抽象类之间有什么区别?
嗨,大家好..
据我所知,一个clase实现或扩展abstract或接口类必须使用默认方法.我知道我们可以使用implement关键字来使用多个接口,但我们只能扩展1个抽象.任何人都可以解释在现实生活中使用哪一个项目和区别?太感谢了!!!!
Pis*_*3.0 11
差异既有理论上的,也有实际的:
示例 - 界面:
// define what any class implementing this must be capable of
interface IRetrieveData {
// retrieve the resource
function fetch($url);
// get the result of the retrieval (true on success, false otherwise)
function getOperationResult();
// what is this class called?
function getMyClassName();
}
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现在我们已经为每个实现此功能的类检查了一系列需求.让我们创建一个抽象类及其子类:
// define default behavior for the children of this class
abstract class AbstractRetriever implements IRetrieveData {
protected $result = false;
// define here, so we don't need to define this in every implementation
function getResult() {
return $result;
}
// note we're not implementing the other two methods,
// as this will be very different for each class.
}
class CurlRetriever extends AbstractRetriever {
function fetch($url) {
// (setup, config etc...)
$out = curl_execute();
$this->result = !(curl_error());
return $out;
}
function getMyClassName() {
return 'CurlRetriever is my name!';
}
}
class PhpRetriever extends AbstractRetriever {
function fetch($url) {
$out = file_get_contents($url);
$this->result = ($out !== FALSE);
return $out;
}
function getMyClassName() {
return 'PhpRetriever';
}
}
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一个完全不同的抽象类(与接口无关),带有实现我们接口的子类:
abstract class AbstractDog {
function bark() {
return 'Woof!';
}
}
class GoldenRetriever extends AbstractDog implements IRetrieveData {
// this class has a completely different implementation
// than AbstractRetriever
// so it doesn't make sense to extend AbstractRetriever
// however, we need to implement all the methods of the interface
private $hasFetched = false;
function getResult() {
return $this->hasFetched;
}
function fetch($url) {
// (some retrieval code etc...)
$this->hasFetched = true;
return $response;
}
function getMyClassName() {
return parent::bark();
}
}
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现在,在其他代码中,我们可以这样做:
function getStuff(IRetrieveData $retriever, $url) {
$stuff = $retriever->fetch($url);
}
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我们不必担心将传入哪些检索器(cURL,PHP或Golden),以及它们如何实现目标,因为所有检索器都应该具有相似的行为.您也可以使用抽象类来完成此操作,但是您根据类的祖先而不是其功能来限制自己.
多重与单一继承:
执行:
这就是我所知道的.