在 Debian 上使用多个内核进行单个 MySQL 查询

Tho*_*mas 11 mysql innodb myisam concurrency parallelism

我正在运行 MySQL 服务器,以在 Debian 作为来宾操作系统的 VM (VMWare) 上进行测试。来宾有四个模拟 CPU 内核,因此我将 thread_concurrency 设置为四个。

我在大型表上执行昂贵的连接,这可能需要几分钟,但我在来宾操作系统上看到,一次只使用一个核心。无论用于所涉及的表的存储引擎如何(使用 MyISAM 和 InnoDB 测试),都会发生这种情况。此外,在执行这些大型查询时,整个数据库似乎都被阻塞了,我无法并行执行任何其他查询。奇怪的是 htop 显示,用于查询的核心在查询运行时发生了变化!

为什么会发生这种情况?

这是来自SHOW FULL PROCESSLIST;(没有其他查询)的相关条目:

| 153 | root       | localhost | pulse_stocks  | Query   |   50 | Copying to tmp table | 
SELECT DISTINCT * FROM 
`pulse_stocks`.`stocks` sto,
`pulse_new`.`security` sec
WHERE
(sto.excntry = sec.excntry AND sto.stock_id = sec.ibtic) OR
( sto.isin = sec.isin AND sto.isin <> "" AND sec.isin <> "" )
ORDER BY
sto.id
LIMIT 0, 30 
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

没有其他待处理的查询。另一个有趣的观察是,如果我省略这ORDER BY部分,MySQL 将在一秒钟内回答这个查询。

SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS;表明:

=====================================
120316  9:55:56 INNODB MONITOR OUTPUT
=====================================
Per second averages calculated from the last 49 seconds
----------
SEMAPHORES
----------
OS WAIT ARRAY INFO: reservation count 47258, signal count 47258
Mutex spin waits 0, rounds 10260, OS waits 39
RW-shared spins 94442, OS waits 47210; RW-excl spins 1, OS waits 1
------------
TRANSACTIONS
------------
Trx id counter 0 5381
Purge done for trx's n:o < 0 1810 undo n:o < 0 0
History list length 2
LIST OF TRANSACTIONS FOR EACH SESSION:
---TRANSACTION 0 0, not started, process no 7503, OS thread id 140316748777216
MySQL thread id 154, query id 654 localhost root
SHOW ENGINE INNODB STATUS
---TRANSACTION 0 5380, ACTIVE 105 sec, process no 7503, OS thread id 140316748977920
 fetching rows, thread declared inside InnoDB 429
mysql tables in use 2, locked 0
MySQL thread id 153, query id 623 localhost root Copying to tmp table
SELECT DISTINCT * FROM 
    `pulse_stocks`.`stocks` sto,
    `pulse_new`.`security` sec
WHERE
    (sto.excntry = sec.excntry AND sto.stock_id = sec.ibtic) OR
    ( sto.isin = sec.isin AND sto.isin <> "" AND sec.isin <> "" )
ORDER BY
    sto.id
LIMIT 0, 30

Trx read view will not see trx with id >= 0 5381, sees < 0 5381
--------
FILE I/O
--------
I/O thread 0 state: waiting for i/o request (insert buffer thread)
I/O thread 1 state: waiting for i/o request (log thread)
I/O thread 2 state: waiting for i/o request (read thread)
I/O thread 3 state: waiting for i/o request (write thread)
Pending normal aio reads: 0, aio writes: 0,
 ibuf aio reads: 0, log i/o's: 0, sync i/o's: 0
Pending flushes (fsync) log: 0; buffer pool: 0
116089 OS file reads, 7 OS file writes, 7 OS fsyncs
1063.16 reads/s, 117085 avg bytes/read, 0.00 writes/s, 0.00 fsyncs/s
-------------------------------------
INSERT BUFFER AND ADAPTIVE HASH INDEX
-------------------------------------
Ibuf: size 1, free list len 5, seg size 7,
0 inserts, 0 merged recs, 0 merges
Hash table size 17393, node heap has 1 buffer(s)
0.00 hash searches/s, 14.73 non-hash searches/s
---
LOG
---
Log sequence number 0 38201270
Log flushed up to   0 38201270
Last checkpoint at  0 38201270
0 pending log writes, 0 pending chkp writes
10 log i/o's done, 0.00 log i/o's/second
----------------------
BUFFER POOL AND MEMORY
----------------------
Total memory allocated 20638760; in additional pool allocated 994816
Dictionary memory allocated 162680
Buffer pool size   512
Free buffers       0
Database pages     511
Modified db pages  0
Pending reads 0
Pending writes: LRU 0, flush list 0, single page 0
Pages read 816631, created 0, written 1
7597.72 reads/s, 0.00 creates/s, 0.00 writes/s
Buffer pool hit rate 964 / 1000
--------------
ROW OPERATIONS
--------------
1 queries inside InnoDB, 0 queries in queue
2 read views open inside InnoDB
Main thread process no. 7503, id 140316711446272, state: waiting for server activity
Number of rows inserted 0, updated 0, deleted 0, read 160338394
0.00 inserts/s, 0.00 updates/s, 0.00 deletes/s, 1495933.31 reads/s
----------------------------
END OF INNODB MONITOR OUTPUT
============================
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)

Rol*_*DBA 10

您可能会发现这令人惊讶,但您应该将 innodb_thread_concurrency 设置为 0(这是无限并发)。这将允许 InnoDB 存储引擎决定要发出多少并发票证。

我在 2011 年 5 月 26 日写了一篇关于 InnoDB 的多核参与(MySQL 5.5,也是 MySQL 5.1.38 InnoDB 插件)的帖子

根据 MySQL 文档,thread_concurrency变量仅适用于 Solaris

我还有一个问题:您的 JOIN 是否同时涉及 MyISAM 和 InnoDB?MyISAM 的全表锁定行为使 InnoDB 的行级锁定和 MVCC 无效

如果您使用的不是 MySQL 5.5,请尽快升级以设置 InnoDB 的多核参与选项

更新 2012-03-19 08:30 EDT

从 MySQL 5.1.38 开始,您可以安装 InnoDB 插件以使用多核参与的新设置。但是,您必须正确调整设置。

实际上,未配置