Windows 中是否有类似于 UNIX 中的 ps -aux 的命令？

Question

在学校，我们正在学习通过 SSH 使用 UNIX。在 Windows 中有没有办法在ps -aux没有 GUI 的情况下获得像 UNIX命令这样的输出？我希望在命令行界面中查看程序名称、PID 和其他详细信息。

Answer 1

我相信你正在寻找tasklist命令。

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>tasklist /?

TASKLIST [/S system [/U username [/P [password]]]]
         [/M [module] | /SVC | /V] [/FI filter] [/FO format] [/NH]

Description:
    This command line tool displays a list of application(s) and
    associated task(s)/process(es) currently running on either a local or
    remote system.

Parameter List:
   /S     system           Specifies the remote system to connect to.

   /U     [domain\]user    Specifies the user context under which
                           the command should execute.

   /P     [password]       Specifies the password for the given
                           user context. Prompts for input if omitted.

   /M     [module]         Lists all tasks that have DLL modules loaded
                           in them that match the given pattern name.
                           If the module name is not specified,
                           displays all modules loaded by each task.

   /SVC                    Displays services in each process.

   /V                      Specifies that the verbose information
                           is to be displayed.

   /FI    filter           Displays a set of tasks that match a
                           given criteria specified by the filter.

   /FO    format           Specifies the output format.
                           Valid values: "TABLE", "LIST", "CSV".

   /NH                     Specifies that the "Column Header" should
                           not be displayed in the output.
                           Valid only for "TABLE" and "CSV" formats.

   /?                      Displays this help/usage.

Filters:
    Filter Name     Valid Operators           Valid Value(s)
    -----------     ---------------           --------------
    STATUS          eq, ne                    RUNNING | NOT RESPONDING
    IMAGENAME       eq, ne                    Image name
    PID             eq, ne, gt, lt, ge, le    PID value
    SESSION         eq, ne, gt, lt, ge, le    Session number
    SESSIONNAME     eq, ne                    Session name
    CPUTIME         eq, ne, gt, lt, ge, le    CPU time in the format
                                              of hh:mm:ss.
                                              hh - hours,
                                              mm - minutes, ss - seconds
    MEMUSAGE        eq, ne, gt, lt, ge, le    Memory usage in KB
    USERNAME        eq, ne                    User name in [domain\]user
                                              format
    SERVICES        eq, ne                    Service name
    WINDOWTITLE     eq, ne                    Window title
    MODULES         eq, ne                    DLL name

Examples:
    TASKLIST
    TASKLIST /M
    TASKLIST /V
    TASKLIST /SVC
    TASKLIST /M wbem*
    TASKLIST /S system /FO LIST
    TASKLIST /S system /U domain\username /FO CSV /NH
    TASKLIST /S system /U username /P password /FO TABLE /NH
    TASKLIST /FI "USERNAME ne NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM" /FI "STATUS eq running"

示例输出：

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>tasklist

Image Name                   PID Session Name     Session#    Mem Usage
========================= ====== ================ ======== ============
System Idle Process            0 Console                 0         16 K
System                         4 Console                 0         40 K
smss.exe                     564 Console                 0         52 K
csrss.exe                    628 Console                 0      2,168 K
winlogon.exe                 652 Console                 0      1,052 K
services.exe                 696 Console                 0      1,452 K
lsass.exe                    708 Console                 0      1,272 K
svchost.exe                  860 Console                 0      1,620 K
svchost.exe                  940 Console                 0      1,324 K
svchost.exe                 1032 Console                 0      8,204 K
svchost.exe                 1080 Console                 0      1,200 K
svchost.exe                 1132 Console                 0        544 K
spoolsv.exe                 1436 Console                 0        940 K
explorer.exe                1676 Console                 0      6,500 K
svchost.exe                 1920 Console                 0      1,372 K
cmd.exe                     1520 Console                 0         92 K
firefox.exe                  796 Console                 0     77,080 K
cmd.exe                      436 Console                 0      2,280 K
tasklist.exe                 196 Console                 0      3,984 K

您还可以使用 /V 参数（详细）来获取更详细的信息，但只需使用即可tasklist列出程序及其 PID。

Answer 2

虽然tasklist很可能是您需要的，但在 Windows 上还有其他方法：

• 启动 WMI 控制台wmic，然后输入process. 这可能会让你得到比你需要的更多:-)
• 在 Powershell 中，Get-Processcmdlet 或其别名ps或gps，如Wil 所述。
• 在 Powershell 中通过 WMI：Get-WMIObject Win32_Process. 但是，您必须缩小要显示的字段范围才能使其有用。
• 通过Sysinternals PSTools，特别是pslist. 这些都可以在上面找到\\live.sysinternals.com。