使用ConfigParser处理重复键

Question

可能重复：
Python Config Parser（重复键支持）

我正在尝试在Python中读取INI格式的项目文件。该文件在一个节中包含重复的键（具有唯一值）。例如，以下部分之一如下所示：

[Source Files]
Source="file1.c"
Source="file2.c"
Source="file3.c"

如果我使用以下代码阅读

config = configparser.ConfigParser( strict=False )
config.read( "project/file/name" )
print( config.get( "Source Files", "Source" ) )

结果是

"file3.c"

有什么办法Source代替获取键的所有值的列表吗？我愿意使用其他方法来解析文件。

请注意，我无法更改文件格式。

Answer 1

我最终从RawConfigParser类继承来实现此功能。如果其他人对此感兴趣，这是我正在使用的代码：

import configparser

class ConfigParserMultiOpt(configparser.RawConfigParser):
  """ConfigParser allowing duplicate keys. Values are stored in a list"""

  def __init__(self):
    configparser.RawConfigParser.__init__(self, empty_lines_in_values=False, strict=False)

  def _read(self, fp, fpname):
    """Parse a sectioned configuration file.

    Each section in a configuration file contains a header, indicated by
    a name in square brackets (`[]'), plus key/value options, indicated by
    `name' and `value' delimited with a specific substring (`=' or `:' by
    default).

    Values can span multiple lines, as long as they are indented deeper
    than the first line of the value. Depending on the parser's mode, blank
    lines may be treated as parts of multiline values or ignored.

    Configuration files may include comments, prefixed by specific
    characters (`#' and `;' by default). Comments may appear on their own
    in an otherwise empty line or may be entered in lines holding values or
    section names.
    """
    elements_added = set()
    cursect = None                        # None, or a dictionary
    sectname = None
    optname = None
    lineno = 0
    indent_level = 0
    e = None                              # None, or an exception
    for lineno, line in enumerate(fp, start=1):
      comment_start = None
      # strip inline comments
      for prefix in self._inline_comment_prefixes:
        index = line.find(prefix)
        if index == 0 or (index > 0 and line[index-1].isspace()):
          comment_start = index
          break
      # strip full line comments
      for prefix in self._comment_prefixes:
        if line.strip().startswith(prefix):
          comment_start = 0
          break
      value = line[:comment_start].strip()
      if not value:
        if self._empty_lines_in_values:
          # add empty line to the value, but only if there was no
          # comment on the line
          if (comment_start is None and
              cursect is not None and
              optname and
              cursect[optname] is not None):
              cursect[optname].append('') # newlines added at join
        else:
          # empty line marks end of value
          indent_level = sys.maxsize
        continue
      # continuation line?
      first_nonspace = self.NONSPACECRE.search(line)
      cur_indent_level = first_nonspace.start() if first_nonspace else 0
      if (cursect is not None and optname and
          cur_indent_level > indent_level):
          cursect[optname].append(value)
      # a section header or option header?
      else:
        indent_level = cur_indent_level
        # is it a section header?
        mo = self.SECTCRE.match(value)
        if mo:
          sectname = mo.group('header')
          if sectname in self._sections:
            if self._strict and sectname in elements_added:
              raise DuplicateSectionError(sectname, fpname,
                                          lineno)
            cursect = self._sections[sectname]
            elements_added.add(sectname)
          elif sectname == self.default_section:
            cursect = self._defaults
          else:
            cursect = self._dict()
            self._sections[sectname] = cursect
            self._proxies[sectname] = configparser.SectionProxy(self, sectname)
            elements_added.add(sectname)
          # So sections can't start with a continuation line
          optname = None
        # no section header in the file?
        elif cursect is None:
          raise MissingSectionHeaderError(fpname, lineno, line)
        # an option line?
        else:
          mo = self._optcre.match(value)
          if mo:
            optname, vi, optval = mo.group('option', 'vi', 'value')
            if not optname:
              e = self._handle_error(e, fpname, lineno, line)
            optname = self.optionxform(optname.rstrip())
            if (self._strict and
              (sectname, optname) in elements_added):
              raise configparser.DuplicateOptionError(sectname, optname, fpname, lineno)
            elements_added.add((sectname, optname))
            # This check is fine because the OPTCRE cannot
            # match if it would set optval to None
            if optval is not None:
              optval = optval.strip()
              # Check if this optname already exists
              if (optname in cursect) and (cursect[optname] is not None):
                # If it does, convert it to a tuple if it isn't already one
                if not isinstance(cursect[optname], tuple):
                  cursect[optname] = tuple(cursect[optname])
                cursect[optname] = cursect[optname] + tuple([optval])
              else:
                cursect[optname] = [optval]
            else:
                # valueless option handling
                cursect[optname] = None
          else:
            # a non-fatal parsing error occurred. set up the
            # exception but keep going. the exception will be
            # raised at the end of the file and will contain a
            # list of all bogus lines
            e = self._handle_error(e, fpname, lineno, line)
    # if any parsing errors occurred, raise an exception
    if e:
        raise e
    self._join_multiline_values()

该_read函数是从复制粘贴的configparser.py。我所做的唯一更改是if在该optval = optval.strip()行之后添加了条件。ConfigParserMultiOpt将为中的部分中的重复键返回多个值tuple。

我是Python的新手，所以如果有人对改进上面的代码有任何建议，我非常高兴！