用于将列数据拆分为行的SQL查询

Question

我有sql表,因为我有两个字段作为No和declaration

Code  Declaration
123   a1-2 nos, a2- 230 nos, a3 - 5nos

我需要将该代码的声明显示为:

Code  Declaration 
123   a1 - 2nos 
123   a2 - 230nos 
123   a3 - 5nos

我需要将列数据拆分为该代码的行.

Answer 1

对于这种类型的数据分离,我建议创建一个split函数:

create FUNCTION [dbo].[Split](@String varchar(MAX), @Delimiter char(1))       
returns @temptable TABLE (items varchar(MAX))       
as       
begin      
    declare @idx int       
    declare @slice varchar(8000)       

    select @idx = 1       
        if len(@String)<1 or @String is null  return       

    while @idx!= 0       
    begin       
        set @idx = charindex(@Delimiter,@String)       
        if @idx!=0       
            set @slice = left(@String,@idx - 1)       
        else       
            set @slice = @String       

        if(len(@slice)>0)  
            insert into @temptable(Items) values(@slice)       

        set @String = right(@String,len(@String) - @idx)       
        if len(@String) = 0 break       
    end   
return 
end;

然后,要在查询中使用它,您可以使用an outer apply来连接到现有表:

select t1.code, s.items declaration
from yourtable t1
outer apply dbo.split(t1.declaration, ',') s

哪会产生结果:

| CODE |  DECLARATION |
-----------------------
|  123 |     a1-2 nos |
|  123 |  a2- 230 nos |
|  123 |    a3 - 5nos |

请参阅SQL Fiddle with Demo

或者您可以实现类似于此的CTE版本:

;with cte (code, DeclarationItem, Declaration) as
(
  select Code,
    cast(left(Declaration, charindex(',',Declaration+',')-1) as varchar(50)) DeclarationItem,
         stuff(Declaration, 1, charindex(',',Declaration+','), '') Declaration
  from yourtable
  union all
  select code,
    cast(left(Declaration, charindex(',',Declaration+',')-1) as varchar(50)) DeclarationItem,
    stuff(Declaration, 1, charindex(',',Declaration+','), '') Declaration
  from cte
  where Declaration > ''
) 
select code, DeclarationItem
from cte

Answer 2

Declare @t Table([Code] int, [Declaration] varchar(32));    
Insert Into @t([Code], [Declaration])
Values(123, 'a1-2 nos, a2- 230 nos, a3 - 5nos')

Select 
    x.[Code]
    ,t.Declaration  
    From
    (
        Select 
        *,
        Cast('<X>'+Replace(t.[Declaration],',','</X><X>')+'</X>' As XML) As record

        From @t t
    )x
    Cross Apply
    ( 
        Select fdata.D.value('.','varchar(50)') As Declaration 
        From x.record.nodes('X') As fdata(D)
    ) t

几次回来,我在博客中使用Set base方法在Sql Server中发布了相同的分割函数

此外,请访问Erland Sommarskog博客,该博客自过去15年以来一直保持着相同的答案.