LINQ查询中是否可以处理异常？

Question

例:

myEnumerable.Select(a => ThisMethodMayThrowExceptions(a));

即使抛出异常,如何使其工作？就像带有默认值的try catch块一样,会抛出异常......

Answer 1

myEnumerable.Select(a => 
  {
    try
    {
      return ThisMethodMayThrowExceptions(a));
    }
    catch(Exception)
    {
      return defaultValue;
    }
  });

但实际上,它有一些气味.

关于lambda语法:

x => x.something

是一种捷径,可以写成

(x) => { return x.something; }

Answer 2

调用具有try/catch的投影:

myEnumerable.Select(a => TryThisMethod(a));

...

public static Bar TryThisMethod(Foo a)
{
     try
     {
         return ThisMethodMayThrowExceptions(a);
     }
     catch(BarNotFoundException)
     {
         return Bar.Default;
     }
}

不可否认,我很少想使用这种技术.感觉就像是滥用例外,但有时会有API让你别无选择.

(我几乎肯定会把它放在一个单独的方法中,而不是把它作为lambda表达式"内联".)

Answer 3

如果您需要Expression而不是lambda函数(例如,从IQueryable中选择时),您可以使用以下内容:

public static class ExpressionHelper
{
    public static Expression<Func<TSource, TResult>> TryDefaultExpression<TSource, TResult>(Expression<Func<TSource, TResult>> success, TResult defaultValue)
    {
        var body = Expression.TryCatch(success.Body, Expression.Catch(Expression.Parameter(typeof(Exception)), Expression.Constant(defaultValue, typeof (TResult))));
        var lambda = Expression.Lambda<Func<TSource, TResult>>(body, success.Parameters);

        return lambda;
    }
}

用法:

[Test]
public void Test()
{
    var strings = new object [] {"1", "2", "woot", "3", Guid.NewGuid()}.AsQueryable();
    var ints = strings.Select(ExpressionHelper.TryDefaultExpression<object, int>(x => Convert.ToInt32(x), 0));
    Assert.IsTrue(ints.SequenceEqual(new[] {1, 2, 0, 3, 0}));
}

Answer 4

当我很快想要尝试/捕获每个迭代时,我有一个小扩展 IEnumerable<T>

用法

public void Test()
{
    List<string> completedProcesses = initialEnumerable
        .SelectTry(x => RiskyOperation(x))
        .OnCaughtException(exception => { _logger.Error(exception); return null; })
        .Where(x => x != null) // filter the ones which failed
        .ToList();
}

扩展名

public static class OnCaughtExceptionExtension
{
    public static IEnumerable<SelectTryResult<TSource, TResult>> SelectTry<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<TSource> enumerable, Func<TSource, TResult> selector)
    {
        foreach (TSource element in enumerable)
        {
            SelectTryResult<TSource, TResult> returnedValue;
            try
            {
                returnedValue = new SelectTryResult<TSource, TResult>(element, selector(element), null);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                returnedValue = new SelectTryResult<TSource, TResult>(element, default(TResult), ex);
            }
            yield return returnedValue;
        }
    }

    public static IEnumerable<TResult> OnCaughtException<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<SelectTryResult<TSource, TResult>> enumerable, Func<Exception, TResult> exceptionHandler)
    {
        return enumerable.Select(x => x.CaughtException == null ? x.Result : exceptionHandler(x.CaughtException));
    }

    public static IEnumerable<TResult> OnCaughtException<TSource, TResult>(this IEnumerable<SelectTryResult<TSource, TResult>> enumerable, Func<TSource, Exception, TResult> exceptionHandler)
    {
        return enumerable.Select(x => x.CaughtException == null ? x.Result : exceptionHandler(x.Source, x.CaughtException));
    }

    public class SelectTryResult<TSource,TResult>
    {
        internal SelectTryResult(TSource source, TResult result, Exception exception)
        {
            Source = source;
            Result = result;
            CaughtException = exception;
        }

        public TSource Source { get; private set; }
        public TResult Result { get; private set; }
        public Exception CaughtException { get; private set; }
    }
}

我们最终可以通过SkipOnException扩展来进一步,例如,接受可选的异常处理程序.