调整迭代器的行为就像Python中的类文件对象一样

Question

我有一个生成字符串列表的生成器.Python中是否有一个实用程序/适配器可以使它看起来像一个文件？

例如,

>>> def str_fn():
...     for c in 'a', 'b', 'c':
...         yield c * 3
... 
>>> for s in str_fn():
...     print s
... 
aaa
bbb
ccc
>>> stream = some_magic_adaptor(str_fn())
>>> while True:
...    data = stream.read(4)
...    if not data:
...        break
...    print data
aaab
bbcc
c

因为数据可能很大并且需要可流传输(每个片段都是几千字节,整个流是几十兆字节),我不想在将整个生成器传递给流适配器之前急切地评估整个生成器.

Answer 1

执行此操作的"正确"方法是从标准Python io抽象基类继承.但是,似乎Python不允许您提供原始文本类,并使用任何类型的缓冲读取器包装它.

继承的最佳类是TextIOBase.这是一个实现,处理readline,read同时注意性能.(要点)

import io

class StringIteratorIO(io.TextIOBase):

    def __init__(self, iter):
        self._iter = iter
        self._left = ''

    def readable(self):
        return True

    def _read1(self, n=None):
        while not self._left:
            try:
                self._left = next(self._iter)
            except StopIteration:
                break
        ret = self._left[:n]
        self._left = self._left[len(ret):]
        return ret

    def read(self, n=None):
        l = []
        if n is None or n < 0:
            while True:
                m = self._read1()
                if not m:
                    break
                l.append(m)
        else:
            while n > 0:
                m = self._read1(n)
                if not m:
                    break
                n -= len(m)
                l.append(m)
        return ''.join(l)

    def readline(self):
        l = []
        while True:
            i = self._left.find('\n')
            if i == -1:
                l.append(self._left)
                try:
                    self._left = next(self._iter)
                except StopIteration:
                    self._left = ''
                    break
            else:
                l.append(self._left[:i+1])
                self._left = self._left[i+1:]
                break
        return ''.join(l)

Answer 2

这是一个应该从块中读取迭代器的解决方案.

class some_magic_adaptor:
  def __init__( self, it ):
    self.it = it
    self.next_chunk = ""
  def growChunk( self ):
    self.next_chunk = self.next_chunk + self.it.next()
  def read( self, n ):
    if self.next_chunk == None:
      return None
    try:
      while len(self.next_chunk)<n:
        self.growChunk()
      rv = self.next_chunk[:n]
      self.next_chunk = self.next_chunk[n:]
      return rv
    except StopIteration:
      rv = self.next_chunk
      self.next_chunk = None
      return rv


def str_fn():
  for c in 'a', 'b', 'c':
    yield c * 3

ff = some_magic_adaptor( str_fn() )

while True:
  data = ff.read(4)
  if not data:
    break
  print data

Answer 3

StringIO的问题是您必须预先将所有内容加载到缓冲区中.如果发电机是无限的,这可能是一个问题:)

from itertools import chain, islice
class some_magic_adaptor(object):
    def __init__(self, src):
        self.src = chain.from_iterable(src)
    def read(self, n):
        return "".join(islice(self.src, None, n))

Answer 4

这是约翰和马特答案的修改版本，可以读取字符串列表/生成器并输出字节数组

import itertools as it
from io import TextIOBase

class IterStringIO(TextIOBase):
    def __init__(self, iterable=None):
        iterable = iterable or []
        self.iter = it.chain.from_iterable(iterable)

    def not_newline(self, s):
        return s not in {'\n', '\r', '\r\n'}

    def write(self, iterable):
        to_chain = it.chain.from_iterable(iterable)
        self.iter = it.chain.from_iterable([self.iter, to_chain])

    def read(self, n=None):
        return bytearray(it.islice(self.iter, None, n))

    def readline(self, n=None):
        to_read = it.takewhile(self.not_newline, self.iter)
        return bytearray(it.islice(to_read, None, n))

用法：

ff = IterStringIO(c * 3 for c in ['a', 'b', 'c'])

while True:
    data = ff.read(4)

    if not data:
        break

    print data

aaab
bbcc
c

替代用法：

ff = IterStringIO()
ff.write('ddd')
ff.write(c * 3 for c in ['a', 'b', 'c'])

while True:
    data = ff.read(4)

    if not data:
        break

    print data

ddda
aabb
bccc