很多外键 - Django Admin

Question

有一个 SQL 问题，添加此模型一切正常，问题出在 ADMIN 中。

当我向每个表中添加少量数据时，通过单击页面中的TYPE&加载速度非常慢，安装和 SQL 花费了 17 秒。当我尝试时，它给了我超时，我的问题是我的模型出了什么问题？是不是构造不好？PAGEADMINdebug_toolbarTYPEPAGE

我的目标是举个例子：

http://www.example.com/audi/4doors/s4/sport/red/audi-url

基本上，所有 6 个 url 都是动态的，我将在每个表中指定它们，并且也会在PAGE其他表中的 as 下拉列表中指定。做到这一点或优化模型的最佳方法是什么？

这是 TYPE 页面加载的屏幕截图：

截图： http: //cl.ly/image/2931040E0t35

请帮忙谢谢

from django.db import models

class Client(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Category(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client, to_field='title')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Subcategory(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client, to_field='title')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, to_field='title')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Project(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client, to_field='title')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, to_field='title')
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory, to_field='title')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Type(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client, to_field='title')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, to_field='title')
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory, to_field='title')
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, to_field='title')
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Page(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client, to_field='title')
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category, to_field='title')
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory, to_field='title')
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project, to_field='title')
    type = models.ForeignKey(Type, to_field='title')
    pageurl = models.CharField(max_length=200)

另外刚刚发现当我从admin.pyfrom中删除外键时list_display，它的工作速度非常快：

class ClientAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('title',)
    admin.site.register(Client, ClientAdmin)

class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('client', 'title',)
    admin.site.register(Category, CategoryAdmin)

class SubcategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('client', 'category', 'title', )
    admin.site.register(Subcategory, SubcategoryAdmin)

class ProjectAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('client', 'category', 'subcategory', 'title', )
    admin.site.register(Project, ProjectAdmin)

class TypeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('client', 'title', )
    admin.site.register(Type, TypeAdmin)

class PageAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('client', )
    admin.site.register(Page, PageAdmin)

外键不能出现在 list_display 中？如何优化它们？

更新：

class Client(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, unique=True, db_index=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Category(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Subcategory(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Project(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Type(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory)
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Page(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory)
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project)
    type = models.ForeignKey(Type)
    pageurl = models.CharField(max_length=200)

更新2

from django.db import models


class Client(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=100, primary_key=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Category(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, primary_key=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Subcategory(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, primary_key=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Project(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, primary_key=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Type(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory)
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project)
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, primary_key=True)
    def __unicode__(self):
        return self.title

class Page(models.Model):
    client = models.ForeignKey(Client)
    category = models.ForeignKey(Category)
    subcategory = models.ForeignKey(Subcategory)
    project = models.ForeignKey(Project)
    type = models.ForeignKey(Type)
    pageurl = models.CharField(max_length=200)

更新 3 - ADMIN.PY

class ClientAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('title',)

admin.site.register(Client, ClientAdmin)

class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('client', 'title',)

admin.site.register(Category, CategoryAdmin)

class SubcategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('client', 'category', 'title', )

admin.site.register(Subcategory, SubcategoryAdmin)

class ProjectAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

        list_display = ('client', 'category', 'subcategory', 'title', )

admin.site.register(Project, ProjectAdmin)

class TypeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    list_display = ('client', 'category', 'subcategory', 'project', 'title', )

admin.site.register(Type, TypeAdmin)

class PageAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

   list_display = ('client', 'category', 'subcategory', 'project', 'type', 'pageurl', )

admin.site.register(Page, PageAdmin)

Answer 1

相反，您可以使用django admin 的raw_id_fields选项。

admin.site.register(Client)

class CategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    raw_id_fields = ('client',)

admin.site.register(Category, CategoryAdmin)

class SubcategoryAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    raw_id_fields = ('client', 'category')

admin.site.register(Subcategory, SubcategoryAdmin)

class ProjectAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    raw_id_fields = ('client', 'category', 'subcategory')

admin.site.register(Project, ProjectAdmin)

class TypeAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    raw_id_fields = ('client', 'category', 'subcategory', 'project')

admin.site.register(Type, TypeAdmin)

class PageAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):

    raw_id_fields = ('client', 'category', 'subcategory', 'project', 'type')

admin.site.register(Page, PageAdmin)