将Java泛型转换为C#泛型

Question

这是我的Generic bubbleSorter的Java代码:

public class BubbleSorter<E extends Comparable<E>> {
    E[] a;
    void swap(int i, int j) {
        E temp;
        temp=a[i];
        a[i]=a[j];
        a[j]=temp;
    }
    void bubbleSort(E[] a) {
        this.a=a;
        for (int i=0 ;i<a.length;i++) {
            for (int j=0;j<a.length;j++) {
                if ( a[i].compareTo(a[j]) > 0) swap(i,j);
            }
        }
    }

}

public interface Comparable<E> {
    public int compareTo(E e);
}

这是一个使用它的例子:

public class Test { 
    public static void main (String arg[]) {
        Rational[] a = new Rational[3];
        a[0]=Rational.rationalFactory(9,2);
        a[1]=Rational.rationalFactory(1,3);
        a[2]=Rational.rationalFactory(10,11);
        Complex[] b = new Complex[3];
        b[0]=new Complex(7,5);
        b[1]=new Complex(3,4);
        b[2]=new Complex(8,9);
        BubbleSorter<Rational> br=new BubbleSorter<Rational>();
        BubbleSorter<Complex> bi=new BubbleSorter<Complex>();
        br.bubbleSort(a);
        bi.bubbleSort(b);
        for (int i=0 ; i < 3 ; i++ ) {
            System.out.print(a[i] + " ");
        }
        System.out.println();
        for (int i=0 ; i < 3 ; i++ ) {
            System.out.print(b[i] + " ");
        }
    }
}

public class Rational implements Comparable<Rational> {
    int mone,mehane;
    private Rational(int n,int m) {
        mone=n;
        mehane=m;
    }
    static public Rational rationalFactory(int n,int m) {
        if (n==0) return null;
        return new Rational(n,m);
    } 
    public String toString() {
        return mone + "/" + mehane;
    }
    public int compareTo(Rational r) {
        return (r.mehane*mone - r.mone*mehane);
    }
}
public class Complex implements Comparable<Complex> {
        int real,img;
        public Complex(int r,int i) {
            real=r;
            img=i;
        }
        public String toString() {
            return real + "+" + img + "i";
        }
        public int compareTo(Complex r) {
            double x=(getLength() - r.getLength());
            if (x>0) return 1;
            if (x==0) return 0;
            return -1;
        }
        public double getLength() {
            return Math.sqrt(real*real+img*img);
        }
}

当我试图将我的Java代码转换为C#时,我试图强制泛型类型扩展Comparable,因为<E:Comparable>不起作用.我怎么能克服这个？

这是我试过的:

abstract class Comparable<E> {

    static bool operator ==( Comparable<E> e1, Comparable<E> e2 );
    static bool operator !=( Comparable<E> e1, Comparable<E> e2 ) {
        return !( e1 == e2 );
    }
    static bool operator >( Comparable<E> e1, Comparable<E> e2 );
    static bool operator >=( Comparable<E> e1, Comparable<E> e2 ) {
        if ( e1 > e2 ) return true;
        if ( e1 == e2 ) return true;
        return false;
    }
    static bool operator <=( Comparable<E> e1, Comparable<E> e2 ) {
        return !( e1 > e2 );
    }
    static bool operator <( Comparable<E> e1, Comparable<E> e2 ) {
        return !( e1 >= e2 );
    }
}

public class BubbleSorter<E : Comparable<E>> {
        E[] a;
        void swap(int i, int j) {
            E temp;
            temp=a[i];
            a[i]=a[j];
            a[j]=temp;
        }
        void bubbleSort(E[] a) {
            this.a=a;
            for (int i=0 ;i<a.length;i++) {
                for (int j=0;j<a.length;j++) {
                    if ( a[i]>a[j] ) swap(i,j);
                }
            }
        }

}

Answer 1

您应该使用内置IComparable<T>接口,然后将您的类声明为

public class BubbleSorter<T> where T : IComparable<T> { ... }

该where关键字定义了通用参数"约束" T.编译器将通过确保对泛型类的任何实例化,类型参数实现IComparable<T>接口来强制执行此约束.