如何使用python将GMT时间转换为EST时间

Question

我想将GMT时间转换为EST时间并获得时间戳.我尝试了以下但不知道如何设置时区.

time = "Tue, 12 Jun 2012 14:03:10 GMT"
timestamp2 = time.mktime(time.strptime(time, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT'))

Answer 1

时区不是内置于标准Python中 - 您需要使用另一个库.pytz是个不错的选择.

>>> gmt = pytz.timezone('GMT')
>>> eastern = pytz.timezone('US/Eastern')
>>> time = "Tue, 12 Jun 2012 14:03:10 GMT"
>>> date = datetime.datetime.strptime(time, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S GMT')
>>> date
datetime.datetime(2012, 6, 12, 14, 3, 10)
>>> dategmt = gmt.localize(date)
>>> dategmt
datetime.datetime(2012, 6, 12, 14, 3, 10, tzinfo=<StaticTzInfo 'GMT'>)
>>> dateeastern = dategmt.astimezone(eastern)
>>> dateeastern
datetime.datetime(2012, 6, 12, 10, 3, 10, tzinfo=<DstTzInfo 'US/Eastern' EDT-1 day, 20:00:00 DST>)

Answer 2

使用pytz

from datetime import datetime
from pytz import timezone
fmt = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S %Z%z"
now_time = datetime.now(timezone('US/Eastern'))
print now_time.strftime(fmt)

Answer 3

在Python 3.9 中，时区处理通过zoneinfo模块内置到标准库中（对于较旧的 Python 版本，zoneinfo通过backports.zoneinfo使用）。

前任：

from zoneinfo import ZoneInfo
from datetime import datetime, timezone

time = "Tue, 12 Jun 2012 14:03:10 GMT"

# parse to datetime, using %Z for the time zone abbreviation
dtobj = datetime.strptime(time, '%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %Z')

# note that "GMT" (=UTC) is ignored:
# datetime.datetime(2012, 6, 12, 14, 3, 10)

# ...so let's correct that:
dtobj = dtobj.replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
# datetime.datetime(2012, 6, 12, 14, 3, 10, tzinfo=datetime.timezone.utc)

# convert to US/Eastern (EST or EDT, depending on time of the year)
dtobj = dtobj.astimezone(ZoneInfo('US/Eastern'))
# datetime.datetime(2012, 6, 12, 10, 3, 10, tzinfo=zoneinfo.ZoneInfo(key='US/Eastern'))
print(dtobj)
# 2012-06-12 10:03:10-04:00

还有dateutil，遵循相同的语义：

import dateutil
# no strptime needed...
# correctly localizes to GMT (=UTC) directly
dtobj = dateutil.parser.parse(time) 

dtobj = dtobj.astimezone(dateutil.tz.gettz('US/Eastern'))
# datetime.datetime(2012, 6, 12, 10, 3, 10, tzinfo=tzfile('US/Eastern'))
print(dtobj)
# 2012-06-12 10:03:10-04:00