使用spring-test-mvc对REST控制器进行单元测试

Question

我已将Spring依赖项升级到Spring 3.1.1.RELEASE,并且我正在尝试使用spring-test-mvc对一个简单的Controller进行单元测试.我一直在使用spring-test-mvc框架跟踪Spring REST Controller Test中使用的技术,因为它似乎对那个人起作用,但到目前为止我还没有成功.我认为我的测试上下文文件中缺少一些关键配置.

我没有错.我知道它不起作用的原因是因为Hello World永远不会被打印(参见控制器).我在这里错过了什么？

控制器:

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/debug")
public class DebugOutputController {

    @RequestMapping(method = RequestMethod.POST)
    public void saveDebugOutput(@RequestBody DebugOutput debugOutput, HttpServletResponse response) {
        System.out.println("Hello World");
    }
}

测试类:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //this lets tests access Spring beans defined in the context config file
@ContextConfiguration(locations={"file:src/test/resources/itest/restAPITestContext.xml"}) //tells the test where to get configuration and beans to be used by the test.
@TestExecutionListeners({DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.class,  TransactionalTestExecutionListener.class}) //overrides the default stack of listeners
public class ITRestAPI{

@Autowired
private DebugOutputController debugOutputController;

private MockMvc mockMvc;

@Before
public void setUp() throws Exception {
    mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(debugOutputController).build();
}

@After
public void tearDown() throws Exception {
}

@Test
public void shouldPerformPost() throws Exception {
    this.mockMvc.perform(post("/debug"));
}
}

restAPITestContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xsi:schemaLocation="
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler />
    <context:component-scan resource-pattern="*DebugOutputController*" base-package="com.company.project.servlet" />    

</beans>

Answer 1

事实证明HttpMessageNotReadable发生了异常,我无法看到它,因为我没有在任何地方记录或打印它.我通过使用DefaultRequestBuilder类在我的测试类中构建HTTP请求并添加了一个andDo(print()):

DefaultRequestBuilder requestBuilder = MockMvcRequestBuilders.post("/debug").contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).body(new String("{\"T1\":109.1, \"T2\":99.3}").getBytes());
this.mockMvc.perform(requestBuilder).andDo(print());

所以在那之后,使用输出andDo(print()),我可以看到HttpMessageNotReadable异常被抛出,但不知道异常的细节或导致它的原因.要查看详细信息,我必须将其添加到控制器类,以将异常详细信息写入响应主体:

@ExceptionHandler(HttpMessageNotReadableException.class)
@ResponseBody
public String handleException1(HttpMessageNotReadableException ex)
{
    return ex.getMessage();
}

这揭示了以下例外情况:

Could not read JSON: Unrecognized field "T1" (Class com.company.project.model.device.DebugOutput), not marked as ignorable

我通过将@JsonProperty注释添加到我的模型类中的setter来修复:

@JsonProperty("T1")
public void setT1(Float t1) {
    T1 = t1;
}