如何用python xlwt库更改excel单元格的背景颜色？

Question

我使用xlwt Python库在excel工作簿中写入数据.
现在我有一些问题,为excel单元格添加背景颜色.

例如,我有RGB(10,20,30)的下一个颜色,最简单的方法是什么？有没有办法将这种颜色设置为单元格？

我发现只有这个帖子与我的问题类似.

Answer 1

在这个例子中,我已经展示了如何为单元格设置背景颜色,您可以为结果运行它:

from xlwt import Workbook
import xlwt
book = Workbook()
sheet1 = book.add_sheet('Sheet 1')
for i in range(0, 100):
    st = xlwt.easyxf('pattern: pattern solid;')
    st.pattern.pattern_fore_colour = i
    sheet1.write(i % 24, i // 24, 'Test text', st)
book.save('simple.xls')

Answer 2

i had this problem and I did a lot of searching

at last i found a proper and good solution in : source of solution

it work very good!

just add this class to your project and set excel colors :

class ColorMatcher(object):
"""
the source is in : http://www.archivum.info/python-excel@googlegroups.com/2012-09/00014/Re-(pyxl)-Re-Background-with-any-rgb-value.html

Prior to Excel 2007, Excel only had color
indexes, and that's all that xlwt supports.  Maybe this will help,
though.  It use a ColorMatcher that takes an RGB input and tries to
return the closest matching Excel color index:
"""

def __init__(self):
    self.reset()

def reset(self):
    self.unused_colors = set(self.xlwt_colors)
    # Never use black.
    self.unused_colors.discard((0, 0, 0))

#Culled from a table at http://www.mvps.org/dmcritchie/excel/colors.htm
xlwt_colors=[
    (0,0,0), (255,255,255), (255,0,0), (0,255,0), (0,0,255), (255,255,0),
    (255,0,255), (0,255,255), (0,0,0), (255,255,255), (255,0,0), (0,255,0),
    (0,0,255), (255,255,0), (255,0,255), (0,255,255), (128,0,0), (0,128,0),
    (0,0,128), (128,128,0), (128,0,128), (0,128,128), (192,192,192),
    (128,128,128), (153,153,255), (153,51,102), (255,255,204),
    (204,255,255), (102,0,102), (255,128,128), (0,102,204), (204,204,255),
    (0,0,128), (255,0,255), (255,255,0), (0,255,255), (128,0,128),
    (128,0,0), (0,128,128), (0,0,255), (0,204,255), (204,255,255),
    (204,255,204), (255,255,153), (153,204,255), (255,153,204),
    (204,153,255), (255,204,153), (51,102,255), (51,204,204), (153,204,0),
    (255,204,0), (255,153,0), (255,102,0), (102,102,153), (150,150,150),
    (0,51,102), (51,153,102), (0,51,0), (51,51,0), (153,51,0), (153,51,102),
    (51,51,153), (51,51,51)
]

@staticmethod
def color_distance(rgb1, rgb2):
    # Adapted from Colour metric by Thiadmer Riemersma,
    # http://www.compuphase.com/cmetric.htm
    rmean = (rgb1[0] + rgb2[0]) / 2
    r = rgb1[0] - rgb2[0]
    g = rgb1[1] - rgb2[1]
    b = rgb1[2] - rgb2[2]
    return (((512 + rmean) * r * r) / 256) + 4 * g * g\
    + (((767 - rmean) * b * b) / 256)

def match_color_index(self, color):
    """Takes an "R,G,B" string or wx.Color and returns a matching xlwt
    color.
    """
    if isinstance(color, int):
        return color
    if color:
        if isinstance(color, basestring):
            rgb = map(int, color.split(','))
        else:
            rgb = color.Get()
        distances = [self.color_distance(rgb, x) for x in self.xlwt_colors]
        result = distances.index(min(distances))
        self.unused_colors.discard(self.xlwt_colors[result])
        return result

def get_unused_color(self):
    """Returns an xlwt color index that has not been previously returned by
    this instance.  Attempts to maximize the distance between the color and
    all previously used colors.
    """
    if not self.unused_colors:
        # If we somehow run out of colors, reset the color matcher.
        self.reset()
    used_colors = [c for c in self.xlwt_colors if c not in
                                                  self.unused_colors]
    result_color = max(self.unused_colors,
        key=lambda c: min(self.color_distance(c, c2)
        for c2 in used_colors))
    result_index = self.xlwt_colors.index(result_color)
    self.unused_colors.discard(result_color)
    return result_index

此代码的来源是:http: //www.archivum.info/python-excel@googlegroups.com/2012-09/00014/Re-%28pyxl%29-Re-Background-with-any-rgb-value. htmle