如何使用DOM对xml文件进行排序

Question

我有一个结构化的xml文件

<?xml version="1.0"?>
 <library>
<book id="1003">
    <title>Jquery MVC</title>
    <author>Me</author>
    <price>500</price>
</book>
<book id="1001">
    <title>Php</title>
    <author>Me</author>
    <price>600</price>
</book>
<book id="1002">
    <title>Where to use IFrame</title>
    <author>Me</author>
    <price>300</price>
</book>
</library>

为了根据书籍ID对此xml进行排序,

从stackoverflow中查看此方法后

我编码像这样

$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->load('DOM.xml');
$library = $dom->documentElement;
$xpath = new DOMXPath($dom);
$result = $xpath->query('/library/book');
function sort_trees($t1,$t2){
    return strcmp($t1['id'], $t2['id']);    
}

usort($result, 'sort_trees');
print_r($result);*/

但它给了我一个错误

警告:usort()期望参数1是数组,第24行的/var/www/html/testphp/phpxml/readxml.php中给出的对象

Answer 1

您引用的答案是SimpleXML,但您使用的是DOMDocument.

如果您想继续使用DOMDocument,您需要牢记其API.

$dom = new DOMDocument();
$dom->load('DOM.xml');
$xp = new DOMXPath($dom);

$booklist = $xp->query('/library/book');

// Books is a DOMNodeList, not an array.
// This is the reason for your usort() warning.

// Copies DOMNode elements in the DOMNodeList to an array.
$books = iterator_to_array($booklist);

// Second, your sorting function is using the wrong API
// $node['id'] is SimpleXML syntax for attribute access.
// DOMElement uses $node->getAttribute('id');
function sort_by_numeric_id_attr($a, $b)
{
    return (int) $a->getAttribute('id') - (int) $b->getAttribute('id');
}

// Now usort()
usort($books, 'sort_by_numeric_id_attr');

// verify:
foreach ($books as $book) {
    echo $book->C14N(), "\n";
}

如果需要创建新的输出文档并对节点进行排序,请创建新文档,导入根元素,然后按排序顺序导入书籍节点并添加到文档中.

$newdoc = new DOMDocument('1.0', 'UTF-8');
$libraries = $newdoc->appendChild($newdoc->importNode($dom->documentElement));
foreach ($books as $book) {
    $libraries->appendChild($newdoc->importNode($book, true));
}

echo $newdoc->saveXML();

但是,更好的方法是使用XSLT:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!-- file "sort_by_numeric_id.xsl" -->
<xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<xsl:output encoding="UTF-8" method="xml" />

<xsl:template match="node()|@*">
    <xsl:copy><xsl:apply-templates select="node()|@*"/></xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

<xsl:template match="/*">
    <xsl:copy>
        <xsl:apply-templates select="@*"/>
        <xsl:apply-templates select="*">
            <xsl:sort select="@id" data-type="number"/>
        </xsl:apply-templates>
    </xsl:copy>
</xsl:template>

</xsl:stylesheet>

然后使用XSLTProcessor(或xsltproc从命令行):

$xsltdoc = new DOMDocument();
$xsltdoc->load('sort_by_numeric_id.xsl');

$xslt = new XSLTProcessor();
$xslt->importStyleSheet($xsltdoc);

// You can now use $xslt->transformTo*() methods over and over on whatever documents you want

$libraryfiles = array('library1.xml', 'library2.xml');

foreach ($libraryfiles as $lf) {
    $doc = new DOMDocument();
    $doc->load($lf);

    // write the new document
    $xslt->transformToUri($doc, 'file://'.preg_replace('/(\.[^.]+)?$/', '-sorted$0', $lf, 1);

    unset($doc); // just to save memory
}