创建符合XSD架构的XML文档的最佳方法是什么？

Question

我有一个XSD,我必须生成一个XML文档发送给我合作的公司的客户.我发送的文档将根据此XSD架构进行验证.

创建符合XSD架构的XML文档的最佳方法是什么？我的意思是,我正在寻找最佳实践等.我是新手,虽然在这里和那里"谷歌搜索",我发现人们使用XmlTextWriter,DataSet.WriteXml等.

1. DataSet.WriteXml似乎不适合我.这就是我做的:

   var ds = new DataSet();
   ds.ReadXmlSchema(schemaFile);
   ds.Tables["TableName"].Rows.Add("", "", 78, true, DateTime.Now);
   ...
   ds.WriteXml("C:\\xml.xml");
   

   我发现它使用NewDataSet生成一个节点,并且节点的顺序不正确.

2. XmlTextWriter,我觉得它有点长......但是如果没有别的选择我会的.

您认为最好的方法是什么？还有其他办法吗？如果时间不长,我会把模式放在这里,如果它与问题相关.

Answer 1

.NET中的主流实践是使用XML序列化.

在你的情况下,我会这样做:

• 在.XSD上运行xsd.exe以生成类的源代码(xsd/c)
• 构建利用这些生成的类的应用程序.请记住,您可以通过"部分类"技术扩展这些类
• 在代码中,实例化XmlSerializer,并序列化类实例.

例:

鉴于此架构:

<xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="Foo" nillable="true" type="Foo" />
  <xs:complexType name="Foo">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Bar" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Baz" type="UntypedArray" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>


  <xs:complexType name="UntypedArray">
    <xs:choice minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="unbounded">
      <xs:element name="Type1" type="Type1"                 minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
      <xs:any     namespace="##other" processContents="lax" minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1"/>
    </xs:choice>
  </xs:complexType>


  <xs:complexType name="Type1" mixed="true">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Child" type="xs:string" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>

xsd.exe生成此源代码:

[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "2.0.50727.42")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlRootAttribute(Namespace="", IsNullable=true)]
public partial class Foo {

    private string barField;

    private object[] bazField;

    /// <remarks/>
    public string Bar {
        get {
            return this.barField;
        }
        set {
            this.barField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlArrayItemAttribute("", typeof(System.Xml.XmlElement), IsNullable=false)]
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlArrayItemAttribute(typeof(Type1), IsNullable=false)]
    public object[] Baz {
        get {
            return this.bazField;
        }
        set {
            this.bazField = value;
        }
    }
}

/// <remarks/>
[System.CodeDom.Compiler.GeneratedCodeAttribute("xsd", "2.0.50727.42")]
[System.SerializableAttribute()]
[System.Diagnostics.DebuggerStepThroughAttribute()]
[System.ComponentModel.DesignerCategoryAttribute("code")]
public partial class Type1 {

    private string childField;

    private string[] textField;

    /// <remarks/>
    public string Child {
        get {
            return this.childField;
        }
        set {
            this.childField = value;
        }
    }

    /// <remarks/>
    [System.Xml.Serialization.XmlTextAttribute()]
    public string[] Text {
        get {
            return this.textField;
        }
        set {
            this.textField = value;
        }
    }
}

在你的应用程序中,你可以实例化一个Foo然后序列化,如下所示:

    Foo foo = new Foo();
    // ...populate foo here...
    var builder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
    XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Foo));
    using ( var writer = System.Xml.XmlWriter.Create(builder))
    {
        s.Serialize(writer, foo, ns);
    }
    string rawXml = builder.ToString();

此示例序列化为字符串.当然,您可以序列化到其他XmlWriters,您可以写出文件,任意流,等等.

通常我会调整序列化以省略XML声明,省略默认的xml命名空间,依此类推.像这样:

    Foo foo = new Foo();
    // ...populate foo here...
    var builder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
    var settings = new System.Xml.XmlWriterSettings { OmitXmlDeclaration = true, Indent= true };
    var ns = new XmlSerializerNamespaces();
    ns.Add("","");
    XmlSerializer s = new XmlSerializer(typeof(Foo));
    using ( var writer = System.Xml.XmlWriter.Create(builder, settings))
    {
        s.Serialize(writer, foo, ns);
    }
    string rawXml = builder.ToString();

您还可以使用XmlSerializer进行反向映射,从XML文档映射到内存中对象图.使用Deserialize方法.