在Perl中通过SMTP发送邮件

Question

我想在Perl中通过SMTP发送邮件.

我为此写了一个脚本.

#!perl
use warnings;
use strict;
use Net::SMTP;

my $smtpserver = 'server';
my $smtpport = 25;
my $smtpuser   = 'username';
my $smtppassword = 'password';

my $smtp = Net::SMTP->new($smtpserver, Port=>$smtpport, Timeout => 10, Debug => 1);
die "Could not connect to server!\n" unless $smtp;

$smtp->auth($smtpuser, $smtppassword);
$smtp->to('mymail@gmail.com');
$smtp->data();
$smtp->datasend("To: mymail\@gmail.com\n");
$smtp->quit;

当我运行这个脚本时,我的输出如下:

Net::SMTP>>> Net::SMTP(2.31)
Net::SMTP>>>   Net::Cmd(2.29)
Net::SMTP>>>     Exporter(5.65)
Net::SMTP>>>   IO::Socket::INET(1.31)
Net::SMTP>>>     IO::Socket(1.32)
Net::SMTP>>>       IO::Handle(1.31)
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 220 server GMX Mailservices E
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)>>> EHLO localhost.localdomain
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 250-server GMX Mailservices
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 250-8BITMIME
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 250-SIZE
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 250-AUTH=LOGIN PLAIN
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 250-AUTH LOGIN PLAIN
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 250 STARTTLS
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)>>> RCPT TO:<mymail@gmail.com>
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 503 5.5.1 MAIL first {mp-eu001}
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)>>> DATA
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 503 5.5.1 MAIL first {mp-eu001}
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)>>> To: mymail@gmail.com
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)>>> .
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 502 5.5.2 Unimplemented {mp-eu001}
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)>>> QUIT
Net::SMTP=GLOB(0x273faf0)<<< 502 5.5.2 Unimplemented {mp-eu001}

我没有足够的有关Perl和SMTP的信息,所以我无法理解这个错误.

我怎么解决这个问题？

Answer 1

您必须使用MAIL命令启动SMTP会话(在授权之后,如有必要),提供发件人的电子邮件地址.这就是响应说"MAIL first"(5xx是错误响应)的原因.所以:

$smtp->auth($smtpuser, $smtppassword);
$smtp->mail('sender@example.com');
$smtp->to('mymail@gmail.com');

但是,如果您不是SMTP专家,为什么不使用更高级别的模块,如Email :: Sender而不是低级Net :: SMTP？

use strict;
use warnings;

use Email::Sender::Simple qw(sendmail);
use Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP ();
use Email::Simple ();
use Email::Simple::Creator ();

my $smtpserver = 'server';
my $smtpport = 25;
my $smtpuser   = 'username';
my $smtppassword = 'password';

my $transport = Email::Sender::Transport::SMTP->new({
  host => $smtpserver,
  port => $smtpport,
  sasl_username => $smtpuser,
  sasl_password => $smtppassword,
});

my $email = Email::Simple->create(
  header => [
    To      => 'mymail@gmail.com',
    From    => 'sender@example.com',
    Subject => 'Hi!',
  ],
  body => "This is my message\n",
);

sendmail($email, { transport => $transport });

Answer 2

这是cjm脚本的更新版本,目前可以使用STARTTLS与Gmail一起使用(未经其他SMTP服务测试)它使用Email :: Sender :: Transport :: SMTPS而不是Email :: Sender :: Transport :: SMTP

您的Gmail帐户必须允许"访问不太安全的应用程序"("打开") - "不太安全"并不意味着未加密,它似乎意味着不使用OAuth 2.0

use strict;
use warnings;

use Email::Sender::Simple qw(sendmail);
use Email::Sender::Transport::SMTPS;
use Email::Simple ();
use Email::Simple::Creator ();

my $smtpserver = 'smtp.gmail.com';
my $smtpport = 587;
my $smtpuser   = 'user@gmail.com';
my $smtppassword = 'password';

my $transport = Email::Sender::Transport::SMTPS->new({
  host => $smtpserver,
  ssl  => 'starttls',
  port => $smtpport,
  sasl_username => $smtpuser,
  sasl_password => $smtppassword,
  debug => 1,
});


my $email = Email::Simple->create(
  header => [
    To      => 'user@example.com',
    From    => 'whatever@gmail.com',
    Subject => 'Hi!',
  ],
  body => "This is my message\n",
);

sendmail($email, { transport => $transport });