如何使用Android的联系人对话框选择电话号码

Question

我正在使用旧的Contacts API来选择带有电话号码的联系人.我想使用较新的ContactsContracts API.我想要...

1. ...显示所有具有电话号码的联系人的对话框.
2. ...用户选择联系人和他们的电话号码之一.
3. ...访问所选的电话号码.

ContactsContracts非常复杂.我找到了许多例子,但没有一个符合我的需求.我不想选择联系人然后查询联系人的详细信息,因为这会给我一个他们的电话号码列表.我需要用户选择其中一个联系人的电话号码.我不想编写自己的对话框来显示联系人或让用户选择一个电话号码.有什么简单的方法可以得到我想要的东西吗？

这是我正在使用的旧API代码:

static public final int CONTACT = 0;
...
Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, Contacts.Phones.CONTENT_URI);
startActivityForResult(intent, CONTACT);
...
public void onActivityResult (int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {
  if (resultCode != Activity.RESULT_OK || requestCode != CONTACT) return;
  Cursor c = managedQuery(intent.getData(), null, null, null, null);
  if (c.moveToFirst()) {
     String phone = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(Contacts.Phones.NUMBER));
     // yay
  }
}      

Answer 1

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK);
intent.setType(ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_TYPE);
startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT); 

此代码可能对您有所帮助.我认为PICK操作只返回所选联系人的ID.从那里你可以查询联系提供商,如果有多个电话号码,提示用户选择其中一个.

您也可以使用它(更新):

public void readcontact(){
    try {
        Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, Uri.parse("content://contacts/people"));
        startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
}

public void onActivityResult(int reqCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
      super.onActivityResult(reqCode, resultCode, data);

      switch (reqCode) {
        case (PICK_CONTACT) :
          if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {
              Uri contactData = data.getData();
                Cursor c =  managedQuery(contactData, null, null, null, null);
                startManagingCursor(c);
                if (c.moveToFirst()) {
                    String name = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(People.NAME));    
                    String number = c.getString(c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(People.NUMBER));
                    personname.setText(name);
                    Toast.makeText(this,  name + " has number " + number, Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
                 }
           }
         break;
      }

}

Updated 28/12 -2011

你可以用这个:

@Override  
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {  
    if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {  
        switch (requestCode) {  
        case CONTACT_PICKER_RESULT:
            final EditText phoneInput = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.phoneNumberInput);
            Cursor cursor = null;  
            String phoneNumber = "";
            List<String> allNumbers = new ArrayList<String>();
            int phoneIdx = 0;
            try {  
                Uri result = data.getData();  
                String id = result.getLastPathSegment();  
                cursor = getContentResolver().query(Phone.CONTENT_URI, null, Phone.CONTACT_ID + "=?", new String[] { id }, null);  
                phoneIdx = cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.DATA);
                if (cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                    while (cursor.isAfterLast() == false) {
                        phoneNumber = cursor.getString(phoneIdx);
                        allNumbers.add(phoneNumber);
                        cursor.moveToNext();
                    }
                } else {
                    //no results actions
                }  
            } catch (Exception e) {  
               //error actions
            } finally {  
                if (cursor != null) {  
                    cursor.close();
                }

                final CharSequence[] items = allNumbers.toArray(new String[allNumbers.size()]);
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(your_class.this);
                builder.setTitle("Choose a number");
                builder.setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int item) {
                        String selectedNumber = items[item].toString();
                        selectedNumber = selectedNumber.replace("-", "");
                        phoneInput.setText(selectedNumber);
                    }
                });
                AlertDialog alert = builder.create();
                if(allNumbers.size() > 1) {
                    alert.show();
                } else {
                    String selectedNumber = phoneNumber.toString();
                    selectedNumber = selectedNumber.replace("-", "");
                    phoneInput.setText(selectedNumber);
                }

                if (phoneNumber.length() == 0) {  
                    //no numbers found actions  
                }  
            }  
            break;  
        }  
    } else {
       //activity result error actions
    }  
}

您需要对此进行调整才能使用您的应用.

Answer 2

在这里,您可以找到以下优秀代码:http://developer.android.com/training/basics/intents/result.html

static final int PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST = 1;  // The request code
...
private void pickContact() {
    Intent pickContactIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, Uri.parse("content://contacts"));
    pickContactIntent.setType(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_TYPE); // Show user only contacts w/ phone numbers
    startActivityForResult(pickContactIntent, PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST);
}

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    // Check which request it is that we're responding to
    if (requestCode == PICK_CONTACT_REQUEST) {
        // Make sure the request was successful
        if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
            // Get the URI that points to the selected contact
            Uri contactUri = data.getData();
            // We only need the NUMBER column, because there will be only one row in the result
            String[] projection = {Phone.NUMBER};

            // Perform the query on the contact to get the NUMBER column
            // We don't need a selection or sort order (there's only one result for the given URI)
            // CAUTION: The query() method should be called from a separate thread to avoid blocking
            // your app's UI thread. (For simplicity of the sample, this code doesn't do that.)
            // Consider using CursorLoader to perform the query.
            Cursor cursor = getContentResolver()
                    .query(contactUri, projection, null, null, null);
            cursor.moveToFirst();

            // Retrieve the phone number from the NUMBER column
            int column = cursor.getColumnIndex(Phone.NUMBER);
            String number = cursor.getString(column);

            // Do something with the phone number...
        }
    }
}

Answer 3

从较旧的答案和我自己的测试结束后我用这个:

启动联系人列表:

import android.content.Intent;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;

...

public static final int PICK_CONTACT = 100;

...

Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_PICK, ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI);
intent.setType(Phone.CONTENT_TYPE);  //should filter only contacts with phone numbers
startActivityForResult(intent, PICK_CONTACT);

onActivityResult处理程序:

private static final String[] phoneProjection = new String[] { Phone.DATA };

@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {
    super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);
    if (PICK_CONTACT != requestCode || RESULT_OK != resultCode) return;
    Uri contactUri = data.getData();
    if (null == contactUri) return;
    //no tampering with Uri makes this to work without READ_CONTACTS permission
    Cursor cursor = getContentResolver().query(contactUri, phoneProjection, null, null, null);
    if (null == cursor) return;
    try {
        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
            String number = cursor.getString(0);
            // ... use "number" as you wish
        }
    } finally {
        cursor.close();
    }
    // "cursor" is closed here already
}

那么Rizvan的答案有何不同？

在我的测试设备(三星S3)上:

• 应用程序不NOT需要READ_CONTACS的权限(因为我使用返回uri的是,当我只用它的"身份证",并创建选择ID =？查询类型,允许崩溃发生)
• 当联系人有多个电话号码时,选择器本身会显示对话框以仅选择其中一个,然后返回uri哪个直接指向该单个选定的号码
• 即使某些手机会返回uri多个数字,建议的onActivityResult处理程序也可以扩展为全部读取,您可以自己选择对话框.

所以这对我来说就像OP所说的那样完美契合.

现在我只是想知道:

1. 在哪些手机上需要获得READ_CONTACTS许可(根据http://developer.android.com/guide/topics/providers/content-provider-basics.html#Intents,不应该这样做)
2. 在哪些手机上它将返回多个数字而不是选择对话框

如果你有真实的世界经验,请告诉我,谢谢.

更新:HTC Desire S,自定义ROM与android 4.0.3 - >有两个问题,需要READ_CONTACTS权限才能工作,并且将返回多个数字而无需额外的选择对话框.