如何从资源文件中获取流对象(控制台应用程序/ Windows服务项目)

Question

我正在创建一个Windows服务,并且我正在尝试访问我添加到资源文件中的一些文件,但是因为我不知道如何访问单个文件而陷入困境.只是为了一些背景信息,这是我到目前为止所做的:

• 这是一个在调试模式下作为控制台应用程序运行的C#Windows服务应用程序,它可以帮助我进入代码.

• 我将一个资源文件添加到名为"Resources.resx"的根目录中.

• 在我的资源文件中,我使用可视化设计器/编辑器添加了一些jpg图像和html文件.

• 在我将图像和html文件添加到资源文件后,我项目中的一个新文件夹显示为"Resources",其中包含我添加的所有文件.

• 在这个新文件夹中,我转到了每个文件的属性,并将Build Action更改为Embedded Resource.(我不知道这是否有必要.我搜索的一些博客说试试.)

• 项目的名称空间称为"MicroSecurity.EmailService".

• 为了获取资源文件的名称,我使用了

  的GetType().Assembly.GetManifestResourceNames()

我得到以下内容

GetType().Assembly.GetManifestResourceNames(){string [2]} string [] [0]"MicroSecurity.EmailService.Services.EmailService.resources"string [1]"MicroSecurity.EmailService.Resources.resources"string

从此我发现"MicroSecurity.EmailService.Resources.resources"是我想要使用的字符串(索引1).

• 我使用此代码来获取流对象.

  var stream = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream("MicroSecurity.EmailService.Resources.resources");

当我在调试期间向此变量添加监视时,我可以看到诸如图像的元数据之类的内容等.

这是我被困的地方.我想访问名为"logo.jpg"的图像.这是我正在做的图像,但它不起作用.

var stream = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream("MicroSecurity.EmailService.Resources.resources.logo.jpg");

如何从logo.jpg文件中获取流？

更新:

感谢Andrew,我能够弄明白.下面是我为演示项目编写的一些代码,以便研究资源文件如何工作而不是直接嵌入文件.我希望这有助于其他人澄清差异.

using System;
using System.Drawing;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;

namespace UsingResourceFiles
{
    public class Program
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Enum to indicate what type of file a resource is.
        /// </summary>
        public enum FileType
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// The resource is an image.
            /// </summary>
            Image,

            /// <summary>
            /// The resource is something other than an image or text file.
            /// </summary>
            Other,

            /// <summary>
            /// The resource is a text file.
            /// </summary>
            Text,           
        }

        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // There are two ways to reference resource files:
            // 1. Use embedded objects.
            // 2. Use a resource file.

            // Get the embedded resource files in the Images and Text folders.
            UseEmbeddedObjects();

            // Get the embedded resource files in the Images and Text folders. This allows for dynamic typing
            // so the resource file can be returned either as a stream or an object in its native format.
            UseEmbeddedObjectsViaGetResource();

            // Use the zombie.gif and TextFile.txt in the Resources.resx file.
            UseResourceFile();
        }

        public static void UseEmbeddedObjects()
        { 
            // =============================================================================================================================
            //
            //                                                     -=[ Embedded Objects ]=-
            //
            // This way is the easiest to accomplish. You simply add a file to your project in the directory of your choice and then 
            // right-click the file and change the "Build Action" to "Embedded Resource". When you reference the file, it will be as an 
            // unmanaged stream. In order to access the stream, you'll need to use the GetManifestResourceStream() method. This method needs
            // the name of the file in order to open it. The name is in the following format:
            //
            // Namespace + Folder Path + File Name
            //
            // For example, in this project the namespace is "UsingResourceFiles", the folder path is "Images" and the file name is 
            // "zombie.gif". The string is "UsingResourceFiles.Images.zombie.gif". 
            //
            // For images, once the image is in a stream, you'll have to convert it into a Bitmap object in order to use it as an Image
            // object. For text, you'll need to use a StreamReader to get the text file's text.
            // =============================================================================================================================
            var imageStream = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream("UsingResourceFiles.Images.zombie.gif");
            var image = new Bitmap(imageStream);

            var textStream = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream("UsingResourceFiles.Text.TextFile.txt");
            var text = new StreamReader(textStream).ReadToEnd();
        }

        public static void UseEmbeddedObjectsViaGetResource()
        {
            // =============================================================================================================================
            //
            //                                             -=[ Embedded Objects Using GetResource() ]=-
            //
            // Using the overloaded GetResource() method, you can easily obtain an embedded resource file by specifying the dot file path
            // and type. If you need the stream version of the file, pass in false to the useNativeFormat argument. If you use the
            // GetResource() method outside of this file and are getting a null value back, make sure you set the resource's "Build Action"
            // to "Embedded Resource".
            // =============================================================================================================================

            // Use the GetResource() methods to obtain the Images\zombie.gif file and the text from the Text\TextFile.txt file.
            Bitmap image = GetResource("Images.zombie.gif", FileType.Image);
            Stream imageStream = GetResource("Images.zombie.gif", FileType.Image, false);

            string text = GetResource("Text.TextFile.txt", FileType.Text);
            Stream textStream = GetResource("Text.TextFile.txt", FileType.Text, false);
        }

        public static void UseResourceFile()
        {
            // =============================================================================================================================
            //
            //                                                      -=[ Resource File ]=-
            //
            // This way takes more upfront work, but referencing the files is easier in the code-behind. One drawback to this approach is
            // that there is no way to organize your files in a folder structure; everything is stuffed into a single resource blob.
            // Another drawback is that once you create the resource file and add any files to it, a folder with the same name as your
            // resource file is created, creating clutter in your project. A final drawback is that the properties of the Resources object
            // may not follow proper C# naming conventions (e.g. "Resources.funny_man" instead of "Resources.FunnyMan"). A plus for using
            // resource files is that they allow for localization. However, if you're only going to use the resource file for storing files,
            // using the files as embedded objects is a better approach in my opinion.
            // =============================================================================================================================

            // The Resources object references the resource file called "Resources.resx".
            // Images come back as Bitmap objects and text files come back as string objects.
            var image = Resources.zombie;
            var text = Resources.TextFile;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method allows you to specify the dot file path and type of the resource file and return it in its native format.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dotFilePath">The file path with dots instead of backslashes. e.g. Images.zombie.gif instead of Images\zombie.gif</param>
        /// <param name="fileType">The type of file the resource is.</param>
        /// <returns>Returns the resource in its native format.</returns>
        public static dynamic GetResource(string dotFilePath, FileType fileType)
        {
            try
            {
                var assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
                var assemblyName = assembly.GetName().Name;
                var stream = assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(assemblyName + "." + dotFilePath);
                switch (fileType)
                { 
                    case FileType.Image:                    
                        return new Bitmap(stream);
                    case FileType.Text:
                        return new StreamReader(stream).ReadToEnd();
                    default:
                        return stream;
                }
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e);
                return null;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// This method allows you to specify the dot file path and type of the resource file and return it in its native format.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="dotFilePath">The file path with dots instead of backslashes. e.g. Images.zombie.gif instead of Images\zombie.gif</param>
        /// <param name="fileType">The type of file the resource is.</param>
        /// <param name="useNativeFormat">Indicates that the resource is to be returned as resource's native format or as a stream.</param>
        /// <returns>When "useNativeFormat" is true, returns the resource in its native format. Otherwise it returns the resource as a stream.</returns>
        public static dynamic GetResource(string dotFilePath, FileType fileType, bool useNativeFormat)
        {
            try
            {
                if (useNativeFormat)
                {
                    return GetResource(dotFilePath, fileType);
                }

                var assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
                var assemblyName = assembly.GetName().Name;
                return assembly.GetManifestResourceStream(assemblyName + "." + dotFilePath);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(e);
                return null;
            }
        }
    }
}

Answer 1

如果将Resources文件夹中的文件设置为Embedded Resource,那么您应该已经在GetManifestResourceNames()调用中看到它.你可以试试

var stream = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetManifestResourceStream("MicroSecurity.EmailService.Resources.logo.jpg");

如果名称在Resources文件夹中,则名称应为"MicroSecurity.EmailService.Resources.logo.jpg".但是,将文件本身标记为嵌入式资源会破坏Resources文件的目的(图像本身将嵌入两次).

您可以完全删除资源文件,并将每个文件设置为嵌入式资源.此时,每个文件应该有单独的清单资源.在C#项目中,每个文件名都将以项目命名空间+子文件夹为前缀.例如.如果在Resources/Embedded文件夹中添加"logo.jpg"文件,则资源名称将为"MicroSecurity.EmailService.Resources.Embedded.logo.jpg".

或者,从Resources文件中获取位图并将其转换为流.你可以找到转换的一个例子Bitmap,以一个MemoryStream在如何将位图转换为byte []？