如何获取zig中comptime中的字段值

Question

我想用 Zig 制作一个反序列化器。现在我可以在 comptime 中迭代字段信息。但我想获取 struct 中的字段默认值。有办法得到它们吗？例如，我想获取中zzzz的值。100getIntOrDefault

const std = @import("std");
const meta = std.meta;
const trait = meta.trait;
const assert = std.debug.assert;

pub fn deserializeInto(ptr: anytype) !void {
    const T = @TypeOf(ptr);
    comptime assert(trait.is(.Pointer)(T));

    const C = comptime meta.Child(T);

    ptr.* = switch (C) {
        []const u8 => "test string",
        else => switch (@typeInfo(C)) {
            .Struct => try deserializeStruct(C),
            .Int => try getIntOrDefault(C),
            else => @compileError("Unsupported deserialization type " ++ @typeName(C) ++ "\n"),
        },
    };
}

pub fn getIntOrDefault(comptime T: type) !T {
    return 2;
}

pub fn deserializeStruct(comptime T: type) !T {
    var value: T = undefined;
    inline for (meta.fields(T)) |struct_field| {
        try deserializeInto(&@field(value, struct_field.name));
    }
    return value;
}

pub fn main() !void {
    const T = struct {
        wwww: []const u8,
        zzzz: u32 = 100,
    };

    var v: T = undefined;

    try deserializeInto(&v);
    std.debug.print("zzzz value is {d}\n", .{v.zzzz});
}

Answer 1

之字形 0.11+

默认值可用作@typeInfo(T).Struct.fields[...].default_value。但它存储为指向 的指针anyopaque，您将无法取消引用它，除非您@ptrCast像这样进行转换：

const std = @import("std");

pub fn main() !void {
    const TestStruct = struct {
        foo: u32 = 123,
    };
    std.log.info("{}", .{ TestStruct{} });

    const foo_field = @typeInfo(TestStruct).Struct.fields[0];
    std.log.info("field name: {s}", .{ foo_field.name });

    if (foo_field.default_value) |dvalue| {
        const dvalue_aligned: *const align(foo_field.alignment) anyopaque = @alignCast(dvalue);
        const value = @as(*const foo_field.type, @ptrCast(dvalue_aligned)).*;
        std.log.info("default value: {}", .{ value });
    }
}

它打印：

$ zig build run
info: main.main.TestStruct{ .foo = 123 }
info: field name: foo
info: default value: 123

锯齿形 0.10

以前的用法@ptrCast是这样的：

const dvalue_aligned = @alignCast(foo_field.alignment, dvalue);
const value = @ptrCast(*const foo_field.type, dvalue_aligned).*;
std.log.info("default value: {}", .{ value });