借用文档中的__contains__文档
print set.__contains__.__doc__
x.__contains__(y) <==> y in x.
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这似乎适用于原始对象,如int,basestring等.但对于定义__ne__和__eq__方法的用户定义对象,我得到意外的行为.这是一个示例代码:
class CA(object):
def __init__(self,name):
self.name = name
def __eq__(self,other):
if self.name == other.name:
return True
return False
def __ne__(self,other):
return not self.__eq__(other)
obj1 = CA('hello')
obj2 = CA('hello')
theList = [obj1,]
theSet = set(theList)
# Test 1: list
print (obj2 in theList) # return True
# Test 2: set weird
print (obj2 in theSet) # return False unexpected
# Test 3: iterating over the set
found = False
for x in theSet:
if x == obj2:
found = True
print found # return True
# Test 4: Typcasting the set to a list
print (obj2 in list(theSet)) # return True
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这是一个错误或功能吗?
对于sets和dicts,您需要定义__hash__.任何两个相等的对象应该散列相同,以便在sets和中获得一致/预期的行为dicts.
我会建议使用_key方法,然后只是引用该你需要的地方比较项目的一部分,就像你调用__eq__从__ne__,而不是重新实现它:
class CA(object):
def __init__(self,name):
self.name = name
def _key(self):
return type(self), self.name
def __hash__(self):
return hash(self._key())
def __eq__(self,other):
if self._key() == other._key():
return True
return False
def __ne__(self,other):
return not self.__eq__(other)
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A对其元素进行set 哈希处理以允许快速查找。您必须覆盖该__hash__方法才能找到元素:
class CA(object):
def __hash__(self):
return hash(self.name)
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列表不使用散列,而是像for循环一样比较每个元素。