在R工作时分离所有包裹

Question

在努力解决另一个问题时,我遇到了这个问题:

我可以删除所有R对象:

rm(list = ls(all = TRUE))

在工作会话期间是否有可以分离已安装软件包的等效命令？

> sessionInfo()
R version 2.12.2 (2011-02-25)
Platform: i386-pc-mingw32/i386 (32-bit)

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252 
[2] LC_CTYPE=English_United States.1252   
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252
[4] LC_NUMERIC=C                          
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252    

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base 

需要(GGPLOT2)

Loading required package: ggplot2
Loading required package: reshape
Loading required package: plyr

Attaching package: 'reshape'

The following object(s) are masked from 'package:plyr':

    round_any

Loading required package: grid
Loading required package: proto

sessionInfo()

R version 2.12.2 (2011-02-25)
Platform: i386-pc-mingw32/i386 (32-bit)

locale:
[1] LC_COLLATE=English_United States.1252 
[2] LC_CTYPE=English_United States.1252   
[3] LC_MONETARY=English_United States.1252
[4] LC_NUMERIC=C                          
[5] LC_TIME=English_United States.1252    

attached base packages:
[1] grid      stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods  
[8] base     

other attached packages:
[1] ggplot2_0.8.9 proto_0.3-9.1 reshape_0.8.4 plyr_1.4 

我试过这种方式,虽然它甚至不是一个全球性的解决方案:

pkg <- c("package:ggplot2_0.8.9", "package:proto_0.3-9.1", "package:reshape_0.8.4",  "package:plyr_1.4")

 detach(pkg, character.only = TRUE)

Error in detach(pkg, character.only = TRUE) : invalid 'name' argument
In addition: Warning message:
In if (is.na(pos)) stop("invalid 'name' argument") :
  the condition has length > 1 and only the first element will be used

我所要求的是全球性的:

  rm(list = ls(all = TRUE))

对于对象,期望它不会删除附加的基础包

谢谢;

Answer 1

所以,有人应该简单地回答以下问题.

lapply(paste('package:',names(sessionInfo()$otherPkgs),sep=""),detach,character.only=TRUE,unload=TRUE)

Answer 2

请试试这个:

detachAllPackages <- function() {

  basic.packages <- c("package:stats","package:graphics","package:grDevices","package:utils","package:datasets","package:methods","package:base")

  package.list <- search()[ifelse(unlist(gregexpr("package:",search()))==1,TRUE,FALSE)]

  package.list <- setdiff(package.list,basic.packages)

  if (length(package.list)>0)  for (package in package.list) detach(package, character.only=TRUE)

}

detachAllPackages()

Answer 3

你很亲密 注意什么?detach不得不说的第一个参数name的detach():

参数:

name: The object to detach.  Defaults to ‘search()[pos]’.  This can
      be an unquoted name or a character string but _not_ a
      character vector.  If a number is supplied this is taken as
      ‘pos’.

所以我们需要detach()每个元素重复调用一次pkg.我们需要指定其他一些参数才能使其工作.第一个是character.only = TRUE,它允许函数假设它name是一个字符串 - 没有它它将无法工作.其次,我们也可能想要卸载任何相关的命名空间.这可以通过设置来实现unload = TRUE.所以解决方案是,例如:

pkg <- c("package:vegan","package:permute")
lapply(pkg, detach, character.only = TRUE, unload = TRUE)

这是一个完整的例子:

> require(vegan)
Loading required package: vegan
Loading required package: permute
This is vegan 2.0-0
> sessionInfo()
R version 2.13.1 Patched (2011-09-13 r57007)
Platform: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu (64-bit)

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=en_GB.utf8       LC_NUMERIC=C             
 [3] LC_TIME=en_GB.utf8        LC_COLLATE=en_GB.utf8    
 [5] LC_MONETARY=C             LC_MESSAGES=en_GB.utf8   
 [7] LC_PAPER=en_GB.utf8       LC_NAME=C                
 [9] LC_ADDRESS=C              LC_TELEPHONE=C           
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_GB.utf8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C      

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods  
[7] base     

other attached packages:
[1] vegan_2.0-0   permute_0.7-0

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] grid_2.13.1     lattice_0.19-33 tools_2.13.1   
> pkg <- c("package:vegan","package:permute")
> lapply(pkg, detach, character.only = TRUE, unload = TRUE)
[[1]]
NULL

[[2]]
NULL

> sessionInfo()
R version 2.13.1 Patched (2011-09-13 r57007)
Platform: x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu (64-bit)

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=en_GB.utf8       LC_NUMERIC=C             
 [3] LC_TIME=en_GB.utf8        LC_COLLATE=en_GB.utf8    
 [5] LC_MONETARY=C             LC_MESSAGES=en_GB.utf8   
 [7] LC_PAPER=en_GB.utf8       LC_NAME=C                
 [9] LC_ADDRESS=C              LC_TELEPHONE=C           
[11] LC_MEASUREMENT=en_GB.utf8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C      

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods  
[7] base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
[1] grid_2.13.1     lattice_0.19-33 tools_2.13.1

如果要将其转换为函数,请研究代码sessionInfo()以查看它如何标识它标记为"其他附加包:".将这一点代码与上面的想法结合在一个单一的功能中,你就回家了.不过,我会把这一点留给你.

Answer 4

nothing

可能值得添加RomainFrançois提供的解决方案.加载时nothing,GitHub上当前可用的软件包将卸载所有已加载的软件包; 在Romain提供的示例中:

loadedNamespaces()
[1] "base"      "datasets"  "grDevices" "graphics"  "methods"   "stats"
[7] "utils"

require(nothing, quietly = TRUE)

loadedNamespaces()
[1] "base"

安装

使用devtools包:

devtools::install_github("romainfrancois/nothing")

pacman

另一种方法是使用pacmanCRAN提供的包:

pacman::p_unload(pacman::p_loaded(), character.only = TRUE)

Answer 5

基于Gavin的答案,但不是完整的功能将是这个序列:

sess.pkgs <- function (package = NULL) 
{   z <- list()
       if (is.null(package)) {
        package <- grep("^package:", search(), value = TRUE)
        keep <- sapply(package, function(x) x == "package:base" || 
            !is.null(attr(as.environment(x), "path")))
        package <- sub("^package:", "", package[keep])
    }
    pkgDesc <- lapply(package, packageDescription)
    if (length(package) == 0) 
        stop("no valid packages were specified")
    basePkgs <- sapply(pkgDesc, function(x) !is.null(x$Priority) && 
        x$Priority == "base")
    z$basePkgs <- package[basePkgs]
    if (any(!basePkgs)) {
        z$otherPkgs <-  package[!basePkgs]
    }
    z
}

lapply(paste("package:",sess.pkgs()$otherPkgs, sep=""), detach, 
                             character.only = TRUE, unload = TRUE)