使用 pip 安装 pyproject.toml 依赖项时出现问题

Question

我有一个用诗歌创作的旧项目。诗歌创建的pyproject.toml如下：

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[tool.poetry]\nname = "Dota2Learning"\nversion = "0.3.0"\ndescription = "Statistics and Machine Learning for your Dota2 Games."\nlicense = "MIT"\nreadme = "README.md"\nhomepage = "Coming soon..."\nrepository = "https://github.com/drigols/dota2learning/"\ndocumentation = "Coming soon..."\ninclude = ["CHANGELOG.md"]\nauthors = [\n    "drigols <drigols.creative@gmail.com>",\n]\nmaintainers = [\n    "drigols <drigols.creative@gmail.com>",\n]\nkeywords = [\n    "dota2",\n    "statistics",\n    "machine Learning",\n    "deep learning",\n]\n\n[tool.poetry.scripts]\ndota2learning = "dota2learning.cli.main:app"\n\n[tool.poetry.dependencies]\npython = "^3.10"\nrequests = "^2.27.1"\ntyper = {extras = ["all"], version = "^0.4.1"}\ninstall = "^1.3.5"\nSQLAlchemy = "^1.4.39"\nPyMySQL = "^1.0.2"\ncryptography = "^37.0.4"\npydantic = "^1.9.1"\nrich = "^12.5.1"\nfastapi = "^0.79.0"\nuvicorn = "^0.18.2"\n\n[tool.poetry.dev-dependencies]\nblack = {extras = ["jupyter"], version = "^22.3.0"}\npre-commit = "^2.19.0"\nflake8 = "^4.0.1"\nreorder-python-imports = "^3.1.0"\npyupgrade = "^2.34.0"\ncoverage = "^6.4.1"\n\n[tool.black]\nline-length = 79\ninclude = '\\.pyi?$' # All Python files\nexclude = '''\n/(\n    \\.git\n  | \\.hg\n  | \\.mypy_cache\n  | \\.tox\n  | \\.venv\n  | _build\n  | buck-out\n  | build\n  | dist\n)/\n'''\n\n[build-system]\nrequires = ["poetry-core>=1.0.0"]\nbuild-backend = "poetry.core.masonry.api"\n\n[tool.poetry.urls]\n"Bug Tracker" = "https://github.com/drigols/dota2learning/issues"\n

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如果运行“pip install”。它对我有用，但是，现在我想遵循没有诗歌的新方法来管理项目和依赖项。然后我创建了一个新的 pyproject.toml （手动）：

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[project]\nname = "Dota2Learning"\nversion = "2.0.0"\ndescription = "Statistics and Machine Learning for your Dota2 Games."\nlicense = "MIT"\nreadme = "README.md"\nhomepage = ""\nrequires-python = ">=3.10"\nrepository = "https://github.com/drigols/dota2learning/"\ndocumentation = ""\ninclude = ["CHANGELOG.md"]\nauthors = [\n    "drigols <drigols.creative@gmail.com>",\n]\nmaintainers = [\n    "drigols <drigols.creative@gmail.com>",\n]\nkeywords = [\n    "dota2",\n    "statistics",\n    "machine Learning",\n    "deep learning",\n]\n\ndependencies = [\n    "requests>=2.27.1",\n    "typer>=0.4.1",\n    "SQLAlchemy>=1.4.39",\n    "PyMySQL>=1.0.2",\n    "cryptography>=37.0.4",\n    "pydantic>=1.9.1",\n    "rich>=12.5.1",\n    "fastapi>=0.79.0",\n    "uvicorn>=0.18.2",\n]\n\n[project.optional-dependencies]\n# Dev dependencies.\ndev = [\n    "black>=22.3.0",\n    "pre-commit>=2.19.0",\n    "flake8>=4.0.1",\n    "reorder-python-imports>=3.1.0",\n    "pyupgrade>=2.34.0",\n]\n# Testing dependencies.\ntest = [\n    "coverage>=6.4.1",\n]\n# Docs dependencies.\ndoc = []\n\n[project.scripts]\ndota2learning = "dota2learning.cli.main:app"\n\n[tool.black]\nline-length = 79\ninclude = '\\.pyi?$' # All Python files\nexclude = '''\n/(\n    \\.git\n  | \\.hg\n  | \\.mypy_cache\n  | \\.tox\n  | \\.venv\n  | _build\n  | buck-out\n  | build\n  | dist\n)/\n'''\n

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现在的问题是 pip 命令“pip install”。不工作：

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  Installing build dependencies ... done\n  Getting requirements to build wheel ... error\n  error: subprocess-exited-with-error\n  \n  \xc3\x97 Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.\n  \xe2\x94\x82 exit code: 1\n  \xe2\x95\xb0\xe2\x94\x80> [89 lines of output]\n      configuration error: `project.license` must be valid exactly by one definition (2 matches found):\n      \n          - keys:\n              'file': {type: string}\n            required: ['file']\n          - keys:\n              'text': {type: string}\n            required: ['text']\n      \n      DESCRIPTION:\n          `Project license <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0621/#license>`_.\n      \n      GIVEN VALUE:\n          "MIT"\n      \n      OFFENDING RULE: 'oneOf'\n      \n      DEFINITION:\n          {\n              "oneOf": [\n                  {\n                      "properties": {\n                          "file": {\n                              "type": "string",\n                              "$$description": [\n                                  "Relative path to the file (UTF-8) which contains the license for the",\n                                  "project."\n                              ]\n                          }\n                      },\n                      "required": [\n                          "file"\n                      ]\n                  },\n                  {\n                      "properties": {\n                          "text": {\n                              "type": "string",\n                              "$$description": [\n                                  "The license of the project whose meaning is that of the",\n                                  "`License field from the core metadata",\n                                  "<https://packaging.python.org/specifications/core-metadata/#license>`_."\n                              ]\n                          }\n                      },\n                      "required": [\n                          "text"\n                      ]\n                  }\n              ]\n          }\n      Traceback (most recent call last):\n        File "/home/drigols/Workspace/dota2learning/environment/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 351, in <module>\n          main()\n        File "/home/drigols/Workspace/dota2learning/environment/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 333, in main\n          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])\n        File "/home/drigols/Workspace/dota2learning/environment/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 118, in get_requires_for_build_wheel\n          return hook(config_settings)\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 338, in get_requires_for_build_wheel\n          return self._get_build_requires(config_settings, requirements=['wheel'])\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 320, in _get_build_requires\n          self.run_setup()\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 484, in run_setup\n          super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend,\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 335, in run_setup\n          exec(code, locals())\n        File "<string>", line 1, in <module>\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/__init__.py", line 87, in setup\n          return distutils.core.setup(**attrs)\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/_distutils/core.py", line 159, in setup\n          dist.parse_config_files()\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/dist.py", line 867, in parse_config_files\n          pyprojecttoml.apply_configuration(self, filename, ignore_option_errors)\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/config/pyprojecttoml.py", line 62, in apply_configuration\n          config = read_configuration(filepath, True, ignore_option_errors, dist)\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/config/pyprojecttoml.py", line 126, in read_configuration\n          validate(subset, filepath)\n        File "/tmp/pip-build-env-up7_m__d/overlay/lib/python3.10/site-packages/setuptools/config/pyprojecttoml.py", line 51, in validate\n          raise ValueError(f"{error}\\n{summary}") from None\n      ValueError: invalid pyproject.toml config: `project.license`.\n      configuration error: `project.license` must be valid exactly by one definition (2 matches found):\n      \n          - keys:\n              'file': {type: string}\n            required: ['file']\n          - keys:\n              'text': {type: string}\n            required: ['text']\n      \n      [end of output]\n  \n  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.\nerror: subprocess-exited-with-error\n\n\xc3\x97 Getting requirements to build wheel did not run successfully.\n\xe2\x94\x82 exit code: 1\n\xe2\x95\xb0\xe2\x94\x80> See above for output.\n\nnote: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.\n

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就像 pip 不知道如何从 pyproject.toml 安装依赖项，这与诗歌的方法不同，我不明白为什么。

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问题解决了！\nA 将 pyproject.toml 编辑为：

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[build-system]\n# Minimum requirements for the build system to execute.\nrequires = ["setuptools", "wheel"]  # PEP 508 specifications.\nbuild-backend = "setuptools.build_meta"\n\n# Ignore flat-layout.\n[tool.setuptools]\npy-modules = []\n\n[project]\nname = "Dota2Learning"\nversion = "2.0.0"\ndescription = "Statistics and Machine Learning for your Dota2 Games."\nlicense = {file = "LICENSE.md"}\nreadme = "README.md"\nrequires-python = ">=3.10.0"\nauthors = [\n    { name = "Rodrigo Leite", email = "drigols.creative@gmail.com" },\n]\nmaintainers = [\n    { name = "Rodrigo Leite", email = "drigols.creative@gmail.com" },\n]\nkeywords = [\n    "dota2",\n    "statistics",\n    "machine Learning",\n    "deep learning",\n]\n\ndependencies = [\n    "requests>=2.27.1",\n    "typer>=0.4.1",\n    "SQLAlchemy>=1.4.39",\n    "PyMySQL>=1.0.2",\n    "cryptography>=37.0.4",\n    "pydantic>=1.9.1",\n    "rich>=12.5.1",\n    "fastapi>=0.79.0",\n    "uvicorn>=0.18.2",\n]\n\n[project.optional-dependencies]\n# Dev dependencies.\ndev = [\n    "black>=22.3.0",\n    "pre-commit>=2.19.0",\n    "flake8>=4.0.1",\n    "reorder-python-imports>=3.1.0",\n    "pyupgrade>=2.34.0",\n]\n# Test dependencies.\ntest = [\n    "coverage>=6.4.1",\n]\n# Doc dependencies.\ndoc = []\n\n[project.scripts]\n# dota2learning = "dota2learning.cli.main:app"\n\n[tool.black]\nline-length = 79\ninclude = '\\.pyi?$' # All Python files\nexclude = '''\n/(\n    \\.git\n  | \\.hg\n  | \\.mypy_cache\n  | \\.tox\n  | \\.venv\n  | _build\n  | buck-out\n  | build\n  | dist\n)/\n'''\n

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Answer 1

多个问题：

1.license正如错误消息明确指出的那样，该部分下的密钥存在问题[project]。它的值应该是一个表。参见规格。

2.您向我们展示的新pyproject.toml文件缺少该[build-system]部分。如果此部分不存在，则构建前端（例如 pip）将假定该项目的构建后端是setuptools（请参阅PEP 517和PEP 518），而不是poetry/poetry-core这可能是您想要的。

3.截至今天，Poetry 与这个新的[project]部分pyproject.toml。Poetry 尚未实现这些PEP 621更改，因此无论如何都不会起作用，除非该项目将其构建后端从 Poetry 更改为另一个构建后端。