如何从程序中访问控制寄存器cr0,cr2,cr3？获得分段错误

Question

我编写了一个程序,试图读取和写入控制寄存器.

程序编译很好,但是当即将执行内联汇编时,它会产生分段错误.

码:

void instructions(int val)
{
    int i;
    int value;
    for(i = 0; i < val; i++)
         __asm__("mov %cr0, %eax");
}

我使用了GDB并逐步完成了每个装配线,并且mov %cr0,%eax正在发生分段故障.

谁知道什么是错的？

Answer 1

引自英特尔®64和IA-32架构软件开发人员手册3-650卷.2A 关于移入和移出控制寄存器:

仅当当前权限级别为0时,才能执行该指令.

这意味着该指令只能在内核模式下执行.

记录cr0,cr2和cr3内容的最小内核模块看起来像这样(32位代码路径未经测试):

/* hello.c */
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>

int init_module(void)
{
#ifdef __x86_64__
    u64 cr0, cr2, cr3;
    __asm__ __volatile__ (
        "mov %%cr0, %%rax\n\t"
        "mov %%eax, %0\n\t"
        "mov %%cr2, %%rax\n\t"
        "mov %%eax, %1\n\t"
        "mov %%cr3, %%rax\n\t"
        "mov %%eax, %2\n\t"
    : "=m" (cr0), "=m" (cr2), "=m" (cr3)
    : /* no input */
    : "%rax"
    );
#elif defined(__i386__)
    u32 cr0, cr2, cr3;
    __asm__ __volatile__ (
        "mov %%cr0, %%eax\n\t"
        "mov %%eax, %0\n\t"
        "mov %%cr2, %%eax\n\t"
        "mov %%eax, %1\n\t"
        "mov %%cr3, %%eax\n\t"
        "mov %%eax, %2\n\t"
    : "=m" (cr0), "=m" (cr2), "=m" (cr3)
    : /* no input */
    : "%eax"
    );
#endif
    printk(KERN_INFO "cr0 = 0x%8.8X\n", cr0);
    printk(KERN_INFO "cr2 = 0x%8.8X\n", cr2);
    printk(KERN_INFO "cr3 = 0x%8.8X\n", cr3);
    return 0;
}

void cleanup_module(void)
{
}

 

# Makefile

obj-m += hello.o

all:
    make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) modules

clean:
    make -C /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build M=$(PWD) clean

test: all
    sudo insmod ./hello.ko
    sudo rmmod hello
    dmesg | tail