sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (psycopg2.OperationalError) 与 PostgreSQL

Question

我搜索了很多这个错误，但我只找到了一些背后有更多信息的错误，例如“致命：...”。我的没有。它只说

sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (psycopg2.OperationalError) 

我在 docker 容器内有一个 postgres 数据库，该数据库已将其端口设置为标准 5432。我使用以下命令创建了该容器：

docker run --name some-postgres -e POSTGRES_PASSWORD=mysecretpassword -p 5432:5432 -d postgres

它是干净的，因此没有创建数据库。API 应该自动创建它们。

我正在使用 Pycharm IDE，也许与此有关。

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\protocols\http\h11_impl.py", line 373, in run_asgi
    result = await app(self.scope, self.receive, self.send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\proxy_headers.py", line 75, in __call__
    return await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 96, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 93, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, inner_send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\fastapi\applications.py", line 208, in __call__
    await super().__call__(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\applications.py", line 112, in __call__
    await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 181, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 159, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, _send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\exceptions.py", line 82, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\exceptions.py", line 71, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, sender)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 580, in __call__
    await route.handle(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 241, in handle
    await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 52, in app
    response = await func(request)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\fastapi\routing.py", line 226, in app
    raw_response = await run_endpoint_function(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\fastapi\routing.py", line 159, in run_endpoint_function
    return await dependant.call(**values)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\app\routers\v1\users.py", line 31, in create_user
    session.commit()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 1428, in commit
    self._transaction.commit(_to_root=self.future)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 829, in commit
    self._prepare_impl()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 808, in _prepare_impl
    self.session.flush()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 3339, in flush
    self._flush(objects)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 3479, in _flush
    transaction.rollback(_capture_exception=True)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
    compat.raise_(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
    raise exception
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 3439, in _flush
    flush_context.execute()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\unitofwork.py", line 456, in execute
    rec.execute(self)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\unitofwork.py", line 630, in execute
    util.preloaded.orm_persistence.save_obj(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\persistence.py", line 209, in save_obj
    for (
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\persistence.py", line 370, in _organize_states_for_save
    for state, dict_, mapper, connection in _connections_for_states(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\persistence.py", line 1709, in _connections_for_states
    connection = uowtransaction.transaction.connection(base_mapper)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 626, in connection
    return self._connection_for_bind(bind, execution_options)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 735, in _connection_for_bind
    conn = self._parent._connection_for_bind(bind, execution_options)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 747, in _connection_for_bind
    conn = bind.connect()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\future\engine.py", line 419, in connect
    return super(Engine, self).connect()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3194, in connect
    return self._connection_cls(self, close_with_result=close_with_result)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 96, in __init__
    else engine.raw_connection()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3273, in raw_connection
    return self._wrap_pool_connect(self.pool.connect, _connection)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3243, in _wrap_pool_connect
    Connection._handle_dbapi_exception_noconnection(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 2097, in _handle_dbapi_exception_noconnection
    util.raise_(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
    raise exception
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3240, in _wrap_pool_connect
    return fn()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 310, in connect
    return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 868, in _checkout
    fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 476, in checkout
    rec = pool._do_get()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\impl.py", line 146, in _do_get
    self._dec_overflow()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
    compat.raise_(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
    raise exception
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\impl.py", line 143, in _do_get
    return self._create_connection()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 256, in _create_connection
    return _ConnectionRecord(self)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 371, in __init__
    self.__connect()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 666, in __connect
    pool.logger.debug("Error on connect(): %s", e)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
    compat.raise_(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
    raise exception
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 661, in __connect
    self.dbapi_connection = connection = pool._invoke_creator(self)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\create.py", line 590, in connect
    return dialect.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\default.py", line 584, in connect
    return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs, **cparams)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\psycopg2\__init__.py", line 122, in connect
    conn = _connect(dsn, connection_factory=connection_factory, **kwasync)
sqlalchemy.exc.OperationalError: (psycopg2.OperationalError) 
(Background on this error at: https://sqlalche.me/e/14/e3q8)

这是我得到的错误。我的代码如下所示：

主要.py:

import os
import uvicorn
if __name__ == '__main__':
    port = int(os.getenv("PORT"))
    uvicorn.run("main:app", host='0.0.0.0', port=port, reload=True, debug=True, workers=3)

应用程序/main.py：

import os
from fastapi import FastAPI
from .database import engine
from .routers import v1
engine.init_db()
port = int(os.getenv("PORT")) #Port is 8000
app = FastAPI()

app.include_router(v1.router, prefix="/v1")

app/database/engine.py:（在上面的文件中引用）

import os

from fastapi.security import HTTPBearer
from sqlmodel import create_engine, SQLModel, Session
DATABASE_URL = "postgresql+psycopg2://postgres:mysecretpassword@localhost:5432"
engine = create_engine(DATABASE_URL, echo=True)
token_auth_scheme = HTTPBearer()


async def init_db():
    async with engine.begin() as conn:
        # await conn.run_sync(SQLModel.metadata.drop_all)
        await conn.run_sync(SQLModel.metadata.create_all)


async def get_session():
    session = Session(engine)
    try:
        yield session
    finally:
        session.close()

routers/v1/users.py 中的路由“users”：

from typing import Optional

from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException, Query, Path, Response, status
from pydantic import ValidationError
from sqlalchemy.exc import IntegrityError
from sqlalchemy.sql.functions import concat
from sqlalchemy import func
from sqlmodel import Session, select, col
from starlette import status

from app.database import models
from app.database.authentication import VerifyToken
from app.database.engine import get_session, token_auth_scheme

router = APIRouter()


@router.post("", status_code=status.HTTP_201_CREATED, response_model=models.UserRead,
             response_model_exclude_none=True, name="Create User", tags=["users"])
async def create_user(user_data: models.UserCreate,
                      session: Session = Depends(get_session)):

    try:
        new_user = models.User(**dict(user_data))
        session.add(new_user)
        session.commit()
        session.refresh(new_user)

        return new_user
    except IntegrityError:
        session.rollback()
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_409_CONFLICT, detail="IntegrityError")
    except ValidationError:
        session.rollback()
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST, detail="ValidationError")

型号。用户：

class UserBase(SQLModel):
    id: str
    username: Optional[str]
    country_code: Optional[str]
    phone: Optional[str]

    class Config:
        allow_population_by_field_name = True

class User(UserBase, table=True):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id: str = Field(primary_key=True)
    username: Optional[str] = Field(sa_column=Column('username', VARCHAR(length=50), unique=True, default=None))
    phone: Optional[str] = Field(sa_column=Column('phone', VARCHAR(length=20), unique=True, default=None))

我希望这就是你们寻找东西所需的一切。如果您需要其他东西请联系我。

最好的问候科林

编辑：

After I changed the link from `postgresql+psycopg2` to `postgresql+asyncpg` I get a new error:

ERROR:    Exception in ASGI application
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\protocols\http\h11_impl.py", line 373, in run_asgi
    result = await app(self.scope, self.receive, self.send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\proxy_headers.py", line 75, in __call__
    return await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 96, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\uvicorn\middleware\debug.py", line 93, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, inner_send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\fastapi\applications.py", line 208, in __call__
    await super().__call__(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\applications.py", line 112, in __call__
    await self.middleware_stack(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 181, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\middleware\errors.py", line 159, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, _send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\exceptions.py", line 82, in __call__
    raise exc from None
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\exceptions.py", line 71, in __call__
    await self.app(scope, receive, sender)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 580, in __call__
    await route.handle(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 241, in handle
    await self.app(scope, receive, send)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\starlette\routing.py", line 52, in app
    response = await func(request)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\fastapi\routing.py", line 226, in app
    raw_response = await run_endpoint_function(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\fastapi\routing.py", line 159, in run_endpoint_function
    return await dependant.call(**values)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\app\routers\v1\users.py", line 26, in create_user
    session.commit()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 1428, in commit
    self._transaction.commit(_to_root=self.future)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 829, in commit
    self._prepare_impl()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 808, in _prepare_impl
    self.session.flush()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 3339, in flush
    self._flush(objects)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 3479, in _flush
    transaction.rollback(_capture_exception=True)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\langhelpers.py", line 70, in __exit__
    compat.raise_(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\util\compat.py", line 207, in raise_
    raise exception
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 3439, in _flush
    flush_context.execute()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\unitofwork.py", line 456, in execute
    rec.execute(self)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\unitofwork.py", line 630, in execute
    util.preloaded.orm_persistence.save_obj(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\persistence.py", line 209, in save_obj
    for (
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\persistence.py", line 370, in _organize_states_for_save
    for state, dict_, mapper, connection in _connections_for_states(
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\persistence.py", line 1709, in _connections_for_states
    connection = uowtransaction.transaction.connection(base_mapper)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 626, in connection
    return self._connection_for_bind(bind, execution_options)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 735, in _connection_for_bind
    conn = self._parent._connection_for_bind(bind, execution_options)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\orm\session.py", line 747, in _connection_for_bind
    conn = bind.connect()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\future\engine.py", line 419, in connect
    return super(Engine, self).connect()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3194, in connect
    return self._connection_cls(self, close_with_result=close_with_result)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 96, in __init__
    else engine.raw_connection()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3273, in raw_connection
    return self._wrap_pool_connect(self.pool.connect, _connection)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\engine\base.py", line 3240, in _wrap_pool_connect
    return fn()
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 310, in connect
    return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyapp-python\venv\lib\site-packages\sqlalchemy\pool\base.py", line 868, in _checkout
    fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
  File "C:\Users\Veril\PycharmProjects\partyap

    

Answer 1

尽管我可以看到您正在使用默认端口，但这也许可以帮助遇到同样问题的人。对我来说，问题在于显式端口定义 - 因为我正在运行两个不同的 postgres DB 和（都来自容器），其中一个我设置为监听 5433 端口 - 这给了我完全相同的问题，所以相反

SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = "postgresql://postgres:password@localhost/fastapi"

我刚刚提出：

SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = "postgresql://postgres:password@localhost:5433/fastapi"

问题马上就解决了。