如何通过机器人回复触发对话处理程序？[电报机器人] [Python] [python-telegram-bot]

Question

逻辑如下：

• 使用 /start 命令，机器人会显示带有按钮的主菜单（每个按钮代表用户想要访问的文件）；
• 当按下任何按钮时，对话就会开始，机器人会询问 Gmail 地址；
• 用户发送他们的 Gmail 地址，机器人对其进行检查，如果地址格式正确，则机器人授予查看文件的权限并将链接发布到聊天室。

我使用这些例子作为我的出发点：

• https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/blob/master/examples/conversationbot.py
• https://github.com/python-telegram-bot/python-telegram-bot/blob/master/examples/conversationbot2.py

我的代码是这样的：

from telegram import (
    Bot,
    Update,
    InlineKeyboardMarkup,
    InlineKeyboardButton,
)
from telegram.ext import (
    Updater,
    CommandHandler,
    MessageHandler,
    Filters,
    CallbackContext,
    CallbackQueryHandler,
    ConversationHandler,
)


def startCommand(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    keyboardMarkup = InlineKeyboardMarkup(
        [[InlineKeyboardButton('Share File 1', callback_data='sharingFile1')]]
    )
    update.message.reply_text(f'Howdy, {update.effective_user.first_name}.\nThis is the Main Menu.',
                              reply_markup=keyboardMarkup)


def convGetGMailAddr(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    update.message.reply_text('Waiting for your gmail address.\n\nSend /end and I\'ll stop waiting.')
    return convEmailAddr


def convMismatch(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    text = f"""Sorry, I don't understand this gmail address.
Please, send me your gmail address again.\n\nSend /end and I\'ll stop waiting.
"""
    update.message.reply_text(text)
    return convEmailAddr


def convGiveLink(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    link = 'https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1ZP1xZ0WaH8w2yaQTSx99gafNZWawQabcdVW5DSngavQ'
    update.message.reply_text(f'Thank you! Here\'s your link to the shared file:\n{link}')
    return ConversationHandler.END


def convEnd(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    update.message.reply_text('I\'ve stopped waiting.\n\nSend /start to go to the Main Menu.')
    return ConversationHandler.END


def sharingFileHandler(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    if update.callback_query.data == 'sharingFile1':
        update.callback_query.edit_message_text(
            update.effective_message.text,
            reply_markup=InlineKeyboardMarkup([])
        )
        conv_sharing = ConversationHandler(
            entry_points=[MessageHandler(Filters.regex('.*[File 1]*.*'), convGetGMailAddr)],
            states={
                convEmailAddr: [
                    MessageHandler(~Filters.regex('.*@gmail.com$') & ~Filters.command, convMismatch),
                    MessageHandler(Filters.regex('.*@gmail.com$'), convGiveLink),
                ],
            },
            fallbacks=[CommandHandler('end', convEnd)],
        )
        disp.add_handler(conv_sharing)
        bot.send_message(update.effective_chat.id, 'I\'ll share the File 1 with you.')


bot_token = 'abcd1234'
bot = Bot(bot_token)
updater = Updater(bot_token, use_context=True)
convEmailAddr = ''

disp = updater.dispatcher
disp.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', startCommand))
disp.add_handler(CallbackQueryHandler(sharingFileHandler))

updater.start_polling(drop_pending_updates=True)
updater.idle()

问题是机器人不会在函数中读取自己的回复sharingFileHandler来启动对话处理程序。对话的入口点是发布字符串“File 1”，当我发送类似“asdklhasdlkh file 1 asdaskldha”的内容时，一切正常。

另一个问题是机器人是否可以仅在对话内监听电子邮件地址？现在该功能convGetGMailAddr随时启动。

---

更新1 (2021-10-20)

根据 CallMeStag 的回答，我更改了代码。
删除该函数convGetGMailAddr并修改该函数sharingFileHandler：

def sharingFileHandler(update: Update, context: CallbackContext):
    if update.callback_query.data == 'sharingFile1':
        update.callback_query.edit_message_text(
            update.effective_message.text,
            reply_markup=InlineKeyboardMarkup([])
        )
        text = f"""I\'ll share the File 1 with you to your Google account.
Please, send me your gmail address.\n\nSend /end and I\'ll stop waiting."""
        bot.send_message(update.effective_chat.id, text)
        return convEmailAddr


bot_token = '1234abcd'
bot = Bot(bot_token)
updater = Updater(bot_token, use_context=True)
convEmailAddr = ''

disp = updater.dispatcher
disp.add_handler(CommandHandler('start', startCommand))
conv_sharing = ConversationHandler(
    entry_points=[CallbackQueryHandler(sharingFileHandler)],
    states={
        convEmailAddr: [
            MessageHandler(~Filters.regex('.*@gmail.com$') & ~Filters.command, convMismatch),
            MessageHandler(Filters.regex('.*@gmail.com$'), convGiveLink),
        ],
    },
    fallbacks=[CommandHandler('end', convEnd)],
)
disp.add_handler(conv_sharing)

updater.start_polling(drop_pending_updates=True)
updater.idle()

现在，我的机器人完全按照我想要的方式执行，并且它停止执行我希望它停止执行的操作。
谢谢你，叫我雄鹿！

Answer 1

您正在构建一个新的对话处理程序并在每次sharingFileHandler调用时将其添加到调度程序中。这肯定不是你想要的。相反，您应该仅构建一次并将其添加到调度程序中，并且在添加其他处理程序的位置（在代码片段的最末尾）也仅一次。

然后，您应该确定CallbackQueryHandler(sharingFileHandler)该对话的切入点。这将自动解决你的第二个问题。

免责声明：我目前是python-telegram-bot.