如何解决导入 nltk 包时出现以下错误

Question

错误的屏幕截图

使用 pip3 install nltk 安装 nltk 后

我无法在 macOS 的 python shell 中导入 nltk

  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nltk/__init__.py", line 137, in <module>

    from nltk.text import *
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nltk/text.py", line 29, in <module>

    from nltk.tokenize import sent_tokenize
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nltk/tokenize/__init__.py", line 65, in <module>

    from nltk.tokenize.casual import TweetTokenizer, casual_tokenize
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.9/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nltk/tokenize/casual.py", line 49, in <module>

    import regex  # https://github.com/nltk/nltk/issues/2409
  File "/Users/userId/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/regex/__init__.py", line 1, in <module>

    from .regex import *
  File "/Users/userId/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/regex/regex.py", line 419, in <module>

    import regex._regex_core as _regex_core
  File "/Users/userId/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/regex/_regex_core.py", line 21, in <module>

    import regex._regex as _regex
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/userId/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/regex/_regex.cpython-39-darwin.so, 2): no suitable image found.  Did find:
    /Users/userId/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/regex/_regex.cpython-39-darwin.so: code signature in (/Users/userId/Library/Python/3.9/lib/python/site-packages/regex/_regex.cpython-39-darwin.so) not valid for use in process using Library Validation: Trying to load an unsigned library```

Answer 1

刚刚遇到这个问题，我发现以下解决方案：

xcrun codesign --sign - "[YOUR_PATH_TO_DYLIB_HERE]"

就我而言，错误是这样的：

ImportError: dlopen(/Users/USER/dev/cr-likes/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/regex/_regex.cpython-39-darwin.so, 2): no suitable image found.  Did find:
    /Users/USER/dev/cr-likes/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/regex/_regex.cpython-39-darwin.so: code signature in (/Users/USER/dev/cr-likes/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/regex/_regex.cpython-39-darwin.so) not valid for use in process using Library Validation: Trying to load an unsigned library

通过xcrun在共享对象上运行，在这种情况下/Users/USER/dev/cr-likes/venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/regex/_regex.cpython-39-darwin.so错误现在消失了。