如何初始化 google-cloud-firestore - Python

Question

from google.cloud import firestore

# Add a new document
db = firestore.Client()  # need to put credentials
doc_ref = db.collection(u'users').document(u'alovelace')
doc_ref.set({
    u'first': u'Ada',
    u'last': u'Lovelace',
    u'born': 1815
})

# Then query for documents
users_ref = db.collection(u'users')

for doc in users_ref.stream():
    print(u'{} => {}'.format(doc.id, doc.to_dict()))

这是来自https://googleapis.dev/python/firestore/latest/的示例代码 当我运行时它显示

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/kulothungan/Purp/temp/temp.py", line 4, in <module>
    db = firestore.Client()
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/firestore_v1/client.py", line 94, in __init__
    client_options=client_options,
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/firestore_v1/base_client.py", line 128, in __init__
    _http=None,
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/client.py", line 277, in __init__
    _ClientProjectMixin.__init__(self, project=project, credentials=credentials)
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/client.py", line 225, in __init__
    project = self._determine_default(project)
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/client.py", line 244, in _determine_default
    return _determine_default_project(project)
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/cloud/_helpers.py", line 186, in _determine_default_project
    _, project = google.auth.default()
  File "/home/kulothungan/.local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/google/auth/_default.py", line 483, in default
    raise exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError(_HELP_MESSAGE)
google.auth.exceptions.DefaultCredentialsError: Could not automatically determine credentials. Please set GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS or explicitly create credentials and re-run the application. For more information, please see https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication/getting-started

但我不知道如何初始化它，而且我也不想通过使用环境变量来做到这一点如果有人知道请告诉我提前致谢

Answer 1

如果您有权访问此特定项目，则需要转到此处的Google 云控制台服务帐户页面并创建一个用于访问 firestore 的服务帐户。服务帐户创建。为服务帐户提供适当的数据存储角色之一。

创建后，您必须为服务帐户生成密钥。您可以从服务帐户页面上的“密钥”选项卡执行此操作。

选择 JSON 格式。您将得到一个名为keys.json. 将其存储在您的计算机上并创建环境变量GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=/path/to/keys.json

现在尝试运行您的 python 脚本。

不使用环境变量

您需要安装提供包含该类的模块的google-authpython 包。您可以使用您的凭据初始化此类，如下所示：google.oauth2.service_accountCredentials

export GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=/path/to/keys.json

然后你可以像这样将该credentials对象传递给 firestore ：Client()

from google.oauth2 import service_account

credentials = service_account.Credentials.from_service_account_file(
    '/path/to/keys.json')