Django/Python“django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured：无法导入“联系人”。检查“...apps.contact.apps.ContactConfig.name”是否正确”

Question

希望大家能帮我解决这个问题...

我的工作流程：

|.vscode:
|capstone_project_website:
|   -_pycache_:
|   -apps:
|       -_pycache_
|       -accounts:
|       -contact:    # app that is throwing errors
|           -_pycache_:
|          -migrations:
|          -_init_.py
|          -admin.py
|          -apps.py
|          -forms.py
|          -models.py
|          -test.py
|          -urls.py
|          -views.py 
|       -public:
|       -_init_.py
|   -templates: # all my .html 
|   -_init_.py
|   -asgi.py
|   -settings.py
|   -urls.py
|   -views.py
|   -wsgi.py
|requirements:
|scripts:
|static:
|.gitignore
|.python-version
|db-sqlite3
|docker-compose.yml
|Dockerfile
|Makefile #command I am running
|manage.py
|setup.cfg

我安装的应用程序位于capstone_project_website/settings.py：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
"django.contrib.admin",
"django.contrib.auth",
"django.contrib.contenttypes",
"django.contrib.sessions",
"django.contrib.messages",
"django.contrib.staticfiles",
"capstone_project_website.apps.accounts",
"capstone_project_website.apps.contact", ]

我的capstone_project_website/apps/contact/apps.py：

from django.apps import AppConfig

class ContactConfig(AppConfig):
    name = "contact"

我正在运行的命令位于我的Makefile：

compose-start:
    docker-compose up --remove-orphans $(options)

当我运行时，make compose-start我从终端收到此消息：

make compose-start
docker-compose up --remove-orphans
Docker Compose is now in the Docker CLI, try `docker compose up`

Starting django-website_postgres_1 ... done
Starting django-website_db_migrate_1 ... done
Starting django-website_website_1    ... done

Attaching to django-website_postgres_1, django-website_db_migrate_1, django-website_website_1
db_migrate_1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 244, in create
db_migrate_1  |     app_module = import_module(app_name)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
db_migrate_1  |     return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
db_migrate_1  |   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1006, in _gcd_import
db_migrate_1  |   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
db_migrate_1  |   File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 965, in _find_and_load_unlocked
db_migrate_1  | ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'contact'
db_migrate_1  |
db_migrate_1  | During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
db_migrate_1  |
db_migrate_1  | Traceback (most recent call last):
db_migrate_1  |   File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
db_migrate_1  |     main()
db_migrate_1  |   File "manage.py", line 18, in main
db_migrate_1  |     execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
db_migrate_1  |     utility.execute()
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 395, in execute
db_migrate_1  |     django.setup()
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
db_migrate_1  |     apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 91, in populate
db_migrate_1  |     app_config = AppConfig.create(entry)
db_migrate_1  |   File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 250, in create
db_migrate_1  |     app_config_class.__qualname__,
db_migrate_1  | django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Cannot import 'contact'. Check that 'capstone_project_website.apps.contact.apps.ContactConfig.name' is correct.
postgres_1    |
postgres_1    | PostgreSQL Database directory appears to contain a database; Skipping initialization
postgres_1    |
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.105 UTC [1] LOG:  starting PostgreSQL 13.2 (Debian 13.2-1.pgdg100+1) on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 8.3.0-6) 8.3.0, 64-bit
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.106 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv4 address "0.0.0.0", port 5432
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.106 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on IPv6 address "::", port 5432
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.113 UTC [1] LOG:  listening on Unix socket "/var/run/postgresql/.s.PGSQL.5432"
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.121 UTC [28] LOG:  database system was shut down at 2021-05-02 14:17:17 UTC
django-website_db_migrate_1 exited with code 1
postgres_1    | 2021-05-02 14:17:44.129 UTC [1] LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
website_1     | Watching for file changes with StatReloader
^CGracefully stopping... (press Ctrl+C again to force)
Stopping django-website_website_1    ... done
Stopping django-website_postgres_1   ... done

我知道我投入了很多工作流程，但我想知道我是否设置不正确。我之前在尝试使用我的帐户应用程序时遇到过这个问题makemigrations。这个答案似乎有效。答案是将namein更改capstone_project_website/apps/accounts/apps.py为

class AccountsConfig(AppConfig):
    name = "capstone_project_website.apps.accounts"

在已安装的应用程序中，您可以看到路径是：

"capstone_project_website.apps.accounts",

我尝试过更改名字...capstone_project_website/apps/contact/apps.py

class ContactConfig(AppConfig):
    name = "contact"

...到name='capstone_project_website.apps.contact' ...以及我安装的应用程序名称到：

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    "capstone_project_website.apps.ContactConfig", ]

重点是我不确定发生了什么，是否是目录问题、名称问题，或者在执行之前是否缺少某些步骤make compose-start。如果您能帮助我，并解释我做错了什么，我将不胜感激！谢谢

Answer 1

尝试改变这个：

类 ContactConfig(AppConfig): 名称 = "联系人"

对此：

类 ContactConfig(AppConfig): name = "apps.contact"

Answer 2

检查你的 Django 版本。如果您将 django 版本更新到3.2，请尝试切换到最早的版本。

Django==3.1.8