如何在 Amazon AWS EC2 Windows 上使用 Windows 容器运行 Docker Desktop（或者这是不可能的）？

Question

我有一台运行 Windows 10 的桌面计算机，运行 Windows 10、Microsoft 365、在 Windows 容器模式下运行的 Docker Desktop。

我有一台运行 Windows Server 2019 的 Amazon EC2 计算机，并且也在那里安装了 Microsoft 365 并通过 RDP 进行访问。

本质上，我想要创建一台 EC2 机器，它允许我运行在 Windows 容器模式下运行的 Microsoft 365 和 Docker 桌面。

我尝试创建 AWS EC2 实例并安装 Docker for Desktop，但遇到很多神秘错误。（见下文）。

我尝试使用 Microsoft 的 AMI 和https://aws.amazon.com/marketplace/server/procurement?productId=d94e0325-6111-4c69-8c29-87e784a6d0aa中内置的 Hyper-V

[或者我应该使用 Docker Enterprise 来实现此目的？]

[或者根本不可能获得一台可以在 AWS 上运行 Docker Windows 容器的 Windows 机器吗？]

[或者我是否需要选择特定类型的机器大小 [t4.large 或其他] - 我之前在 Microsoft Azure 上体验过，运行 Docker Desktop 只能在特定规格的机器上运行，这允许“虚拟化之上的虚拟化” ”]

System.InvalidOperationException:
job failed with message: 'DockerDesktopVM' failed to start. (Virtual machine ID 677B7F36-8A44-42CE-AD29-7884DDCE164C)

The Virtual Machine Management Service failed to start the virtual machine 'DockerDesktopVM' because one of the Hyper-V components is not running (Virtual machine ID 677B7F36-8A44-42CE-AD29-7884DDCE164C).
   at Docker.Backend.HyperVInfrastructure.HandleUpdatedJob(CIMConcreteJob updatedJob) in C:\workspaces\PR-15633\src\github.com\docker\pinata\win\src\Docker.Backend\HyperV\HyperVInfrastructure.cs:line 762
   at Docker.Backend.HyperVInfrastructure.<HandleMaybeAsyncJob>d__38.MoveNext() in C:\workspaces\PR-15633\src\github.com\docker\pinata\win\src\Docker.Backend\HyperV\HyperVInfrastructure.cs:line 696
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at Docker.Backend.HyperVInfrastructure.<StartVMAsync>d__30.MoveNext() in C:\workspaces\PR-15633\src\github.com\docker\pinata\win\src\Docker.Backend\HyperV\HyperVInfrastructure.cs:line 544
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at Docker.Backend.HyperV.<StartAsync>d__6.MoveNext() in C:\workspaces\PR-15633\src\github.com\docker\pinata\win\src\Docker.Backend\HyperV\HyperV.cs:line 99
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at Docker.Backend.HttpAPI.HyperVController.<StartAsync>d__7.MoveNext() in C:\workspaces\PR-15633\src\github.com\docker\pinata\win\src\Docker.Backend\HttpAPI\HyperVController.cs:line 42
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.TaskHelpersExtensions.<CastToObject>d__1`1.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at System.Web.Http.Controllers.ApiControllerActionInvoker.<InvokeActionAsyncCore>d__1.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at System.Web.Http.Controllers.ActionFilterResult.<ExecuteAsync>d__5.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location where exception was thrown ---
   at System.Runtime.ExceptionServices.ExceptionDispatchInfo.Throw()
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification(Task task)
   at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.HttpControllerDispatcher.<SendAsync>d__15.MoveNext()

Answer 1

更新 2022 您现在可以在 Windows Server 2019/2022 操作系统上安装 WSL（适用于 Linux 的 Windows 子系统）

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/wsl/install-on-server

• Windows Server 2019 操作系统主机不支持 Docker Desktop，Docker Desktop 仅在 Windows 10 主机、Mac 上支持，并计划在 Linux 桌面上支持（Windows 服务器主机和 Windows 10 桌面之间存在内核差异）

• 使用 Windows Server 2019，您可以安装 Docker Engine Enterprise（现在称为 Mirantis Container Runtime (MCR)）并运行 Windows 容器。

• Microsoft 的以下文档提供了有关在 Windows Server 上安装 Docker 引擎的信息： https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/virtualization/windowscontainers/quick-start/set-up-environment ?tabs=Windows-Server

• 如果您想通过脚本安装，请查看此链接（Docker Engine Enterprise 现在称为 Mirantis Container Runtime）： https ://docs.mirantis.com/containers/v3.1/mcr-deployment-guide/mcr-windows.html

• 您还可以在此处查看此博客，并按照以下步骤在 Windows Server 主机上安装 Docker 引擎： https://mechdeveloper.medium.com/windows-server-2016-containers-bc0baa2222c1