复制构造函数为点

Question

这个拷贝构造函数是否正确？

class GPSPoint
{
   private:
      double lat, lon, h;
      char *label;

   public:
    GPSPoint (const GPSPoint &p)
    {
      if (this != &p)
      {
          lat = p.lat;
          lon = p.lon;
          h = p.h;

          if ( label != NULL )
          { 
              delete [] label;
              label = NULL;
          }

          if (p.label != NULL )
          {
              label = new char [ strlen( p.label ) + 1 ];
              strcpy ( label, p.label );
          }
       }
    }
}

Answer 1

如果你班上有指针,你可能做错了.

最好将其重写为:

class GPSPoint
{
   private:
      double      lat;
      double      lon;
      double      h;
      std::string label;

   public:
    GPSPoint (GPSPoint const& copy)
       : lat(copy.lat)
       , lon(copy.lon)
       , h(copy.h)
       , label(copy.label)
    {}
    // You should also have an assignment operator
    GPSPoint& operator=(GPSPoint copy)    // Use Copy/Swap idum.
    {                                     // Pass by value to get implicit copy
         this->swap(copy);                // Now swap
         return *this;
    }
    void swap(GPSPoint& copy) throw()
    {
        std::swap(lat,  copy.lat);
        std::swap(lon,  copy.lon);
        std::swap(h,    copy.h);
        std::swap(label,copy.label);
    }
};

现在看起来简单得多了.

但是,嘿,我们忘了有编译器生成的拷贝构造函数:
所以它现在也简化了:

class GPSPoint
{
   private:
      double      lat;
      double      lon;
      double      h;
      std::string label;
};

完成.越简单越好.

如果你必须绝对保留指针(因为你认为它是一个优化(它不是),或者你需要学习指针(你这样做,但你需要学习何时不使用它们)).

class GPSPoint
{
   private:
      double      lat;
      double      lon;
      double      h;
      char*       label;

   public:
   // Don't forget the constructor and destructor should initialize label
   // Note the below code assumes that label is never NULL and always is a
   // C-string that is NULL terminated (but that each copy creates 
   // and maintains its own version)  
   GPSPoint (GPSPoint const& copy)
       : lat(copy.lat)
       , lon(copy.lon)
       , h(copy.h)
       , label(new char[strlen(copy.label)+1])
    {
       std::copy(copy.label, copy.label + strlen(label) + 1, label);
    }
    // You should also have an assignment operator
    GPSPoint& operator=(GPSPoint copy)    // Use Copy/Swap idum.
    {                                     // Pass by value to get implicit copy
         this->swap(copy);                // Now swap
         return *this;
    }
    void swap(GPSPoint& copy) throw()
    {
        std::swap(lat,  copy.lat);
        std::swap(lon,  copy.lon);
        std::swap(h,    copy.h);
        std::swap(label,copy.label);
    }
};