如何在 Django 中以编程方式创建数据库视图？

Question

我运行以下查询来在 SQLite 数据库中创建数据库视图：

CREATE VIEW customerview AS
SELECT
    a.id
  , name
  , email
  , vat
  , street
  , number
  , postal
  , city
  , country
  , geo_lat
  , geo_lon
  , customer_id
  , is_primary
FROM customerbin_address a
  , customerbin_customer b
WHERE b.id = a.customer_id
  AND a.is_primary = 1

在 models.py 中我添加了模型：

class Customerview(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100, db_column='name')
    email = models.EmailField(unique=True, db_column='email')
    vat = VATNumberField(countries=['NL', 'BE', 'FR', 'DE', 'UK'], blank=True, null=True, db_column='vat')
    street = models.CharField(max_length=100, db_column='street')
    number = models.IntegerField(null=True, db_column='number')
    postal = models.IntegerField(null=True, db_column='postal')
    city = models.CharField(max_length=100, db_column='city')
    country = CountryField(db_column='country')
    is_primary = models.BooleanField(null=False, db_column='is_primary')
    geo_lat = models.DecimalField(max_digits=9, decimal_places=6, blank=True, null=True, db_column='geo_lat')
    geo_lon = models.DecimalField(max_digits=9, decimal_places=6, blank=True, null=True, db_column='geo_lon')

    class Meta:
            managed = False
            db_table = 'customerview'

在 admin.py 中我更改了列表：

@admin.register(models.Customerview)
class CustomerviewAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    list_display = ('name', 'email', 'vat', 'street', 'number', 'postal', 'city', 'country', 'is_primary', 'geo_lat', 'geo_lon')
    readonly_fields = ('name', 'email', 'vat', 'street', 'number', 'postal', 'city', 'country', 'is_primary', 'geo_lat', 'geo_lon',)

如何在我的应用程序中以编程方式添加带有上述查询的数据库视图？

Answer 1

Django 的迁移框架允许您执行原始 SQL - https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.1/ref/migration-operations/#runsql

因此，您可以创建一个空迁移 ( manage.py makemigrations <appname> --empty)，然后对其进行编辑以通过migrations.RunSQL()调用执行创建视图的 SQL。