在没有管理员权限的情况下使用 Python 获取 CPU 和 GPU 温度 - Windows

Ket*_*mer 5 python windows temperature python-3.x windows-10

我发布了这个问题,询问如何在 Windows 10 上获取 CPU 和 GPU 温度Get CPU and GPU Temp using Python Windows。对于那个问题,我没有包含没有管理员访问权限的限制(至少在我第一次发布答案时,以及之后的相当一段时间)。然后我修改了我的问题以使需要管理员访问权限的答案无效(这是唯一有效的答案)。一个 mod 回滚到我问题的先前版本,并要求我发布一个新问题,所以我已经这样做了。

我想知道是否有办法在 python 中获取 CPU 和 GPU 温度。我已经找到了适用于 Linux 的方法(使用psutil.sensors_temperature),我想找到适用于 Windows 的方法。

信息:
操作系统:Windows 10
Python:Python 3.8.3 64 位(所以没有 32 位 DLL)

以下是我尝试过的一些东西:

当我尝试执行以下操作时,我得到 None (从这里 - /sf/answers/228498371/):

import wmi
w = wmi.WMI()
prin(w.Win32_TemperatureProbe()[0].CurrentReading)
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当我尝试执行以下操作时,出现错误(来自此处 - /sf/answers/228498371/):

import wmi
w = wmi.WMI(namespace="root\wmi")
temperature_info = w.MSAcpi_ThermalZoneTemperature()[0]
print(temperature_info.CurrentTemperature)
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错误:

wmi.x_wmi: <x_wmi: Unexpected COM Error (-2147217396, 'OLE error 0x8004100c', None, None)>
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当我尝试执行以下操作时,我得到了(从这里 - /sf/answers/4124749471/):

wmi.x_wmi: <x_wmi: Unexpected COM Error (-2147217396, 'OLE error 0x8004100c', None, None)>
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输出:

import ctypes
import ctypes.wintypes as wintypes
from ctypes import windll


LPDWORD = ctypes.POINTER(wintypes.DWORD)
LPOVERLAPPED = wintypes.LPVOID
LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES = wintypes.LPVOID

GENERIC_READ = 0x80000000
GENERIC_WRITE = 0x40000000
GENERIC_EXECUTE = 0x20000000
GENERIC_ALL = 0x10000000

FILE_SHARE_WRITE=0x00000004
ZERO=0x00000000

CREATE_NEW = 1
CREATE_ALWAYS = 2
OPEN_EXISTING = 3
OPEN_ALWAYS = 4
TRUNCATE_EXISTING = 5

FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL = 0x00000080

INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE = -1
FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN=0x00000022
METHOD_BUFFERED=0
FUNC=0x900
FILE_WRITE_ACCESS=0x002

NULL = 0
FALSE = wintypes.BOOL(0)
TRUE = wintypes.BOOL(1)


def CTL_CODE(DeviceType, Function, Method, Access): return (DeviceType << 16) | (Access << 14) | (Function <<2) | Method




def _CreateFile(filename, access, mode, creation, flags):
    """See: CreateFile function http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa363858(v=vs.85).asp """
    CreateFile_Fn = windll.kernel32.CreateFileW
    CreateFile_Fn.argtypes = [
            wintypes.LPWSTR,                    # _In_          LPCTSTR lpFileName
            wintypes.DWORD,                     # _In_          DWORD dwDesiredAccess
            wintypes.DWORD,                     # _In_          DWORD dwShareMode
            LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES,              # _In_opt_      LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES lpSecurityAttributes
            wintypes.DWORD,                     # _In_          DWORD dwCreationDisposition
            wintypes.DWORD,                     # _In_          DWORD dwFlagsAndAttributes
            wintypes.HANDLE]                    # _In_opt_      HANDLE hTemplateFile
    CreateFile_Fn.restype = wintypes.HANDLE

    return wintypes.HANDLE(CreateFile_Fn(filename,
                         access,
                         mode,
                         NULL,
                         creation,
                         flags,
                         NULL))


handle=_CreateFile('\\\\\.\PhysicalDrive0',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)

def _DeviceIoControl(devhandle, ioctl, inbuf, inbufsiz, outbuf, outbufsiz):
    """See: DeviceIoControl function
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363216(v=vs.85).aspx
"""
    DeviceIoControl_Fn = windll.kernel32.DeviceIoControl
    DeviceIoControl_Fn.argtypes = [
            wintypes.HANDLE,                    # _In_          HANDLE hDevice
            wintypes.DWORD,                     # _In_          DWORD dwIoControlCode
            wintypes.LPVOID,                    # _In_opt_      LPVOID lpInBuffer
            wintypes.DWORD,                     # _In_          DWORD nInBufferSize
            wintypes.LPVOID,                    # _Out_opt_     LPVOID lpOutBuffer
            wintypes.DWORD,                     # _In_          DWORD nOutBufferSize
            LPDWORD,                            # _Out_opt_     LPDWORD lpBytesReturned
            LPOVERLAPPED]                       # _Inout_opt_   LPOVERLAPPED lpOverlapped
    DeviceIoControl_Fn.restype = wintypes.BOOL

    # allocate a DWORD, and take its reference
    dwBytesReturned = wintypes.DWORD(0)
    lpBytesReturned = ctypes.byref(dwBytesReturned)

    status = DeviceIoControl_Fn(devhandle,
                  ioctl,
                  inbuf,
                  inbufsiz,
                  outbuf,
                  outbufsiz,
                  lpBytesReturned,
                  NULL)

    return status, dwBytesReturned

class OUTPUT_temp(ctypes.Structure):
        """See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363972(v=vs.85).aspx"""
        _fields_ = [
                ('Board Temp', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('CPU Temp', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('Board Temp2', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('temp4', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('temp5', wintypes.DWORD)
                ]

class OUTPUT_volt(ctypes.Structure):
        """See: http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa363972(v=vs.85).aspx"""
        _fields_ = [
                ('VCore', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('V(in2)', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('3.3V', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('5.0V', wintypes.DWORD),
                ('temp5', wintypes.DWORD)
                ]

def get_temperature():
    FUNC=0x900
    outDict={}

    ioclt=CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, FUNC, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)

    handle=_CreateFile('\\\\\.\PhysicalDrive0',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)

    win_list = OUTPUT_temp()
    p_win_list = ctypes.pointer(win_list)
    SIZE=ctypes.sizeof(OUTPUT_temp)


    status, output = _DeviceIoControl(handle, ioclt , NULL, ZERO, p_win_list, SIZE)


    for field, typ in win_list._fields_:
                #print ('%s=%d' % (field, getattr(disk_geometry, field)))
                outDict[field]=getattr(win_list,field)
    return outDict

def get_voltages():
    FUNC=0x901
    outDict={}

    ioclt=CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN, FUNC, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_WRITE_ACCESS)

    handle=_CreateFile('\\\\\.\PhysicalDrive0',GENERIC_WRITE,FILE_SHARE_WRITE,OPEN_EXISTING,ZERO)

    win_list = OUTPUT_volt()
    p_win_list = ctypes.pointer(win_list)
    SIZE=ctypes.sizeof(OUTPUT_volt)


    status, output = _DeviceIoControl(handle, ioclt , NULL, ZERO, p_win_list, SIZE)


    for field, typ in win_list._fields_:
                #print ('%s=%d' % (field, getattr(disk_geometry, field)))
                outDict[field]=getattr(win_list,field)
    return outDict

print(OUTPUT_temp._fields_)
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我试过这段代码,它有效,但它需要管理员(从这里 - /sf/answers/4405579531/):

[('Board Temp', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('CPU Temp', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('Board Temp2', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('temp4', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>), ('temp5', <class 'ctypes.c_ulong'>)]
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我试过这段代码,但它也需要管理员(来自这里 - /sf/answers/3493653131/):

import clr # the pythonnet module.
clr.AddReference(r'YourdllPath')
from OpenHardwareMonitor.Hardware import Computer

c = Computer()
c.CPUEnabled = True # get the Info about CPU
c.GPUEnabled = True # get the Info about GPU
c.Open()
while True:
    for a in range(0, len(c.Hardware[0].Sensors)):
        # print(c.Hardware[0].Sensors[a].Identifier)
        if "/intelcpu/0/temperature" in str(c.Hardware[0].Sensors[a].Identifier):
            print(c.Hardware[0].Sensors[a].get_Value())
            c.Hardware[0].Update()
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我也很擅长将 C/C++ 扩展与 Python、便携式命令行应用程序(将使用 运行subprocess.Popen)、DLL 和命令(将使用 运行subprocess.Popen)。

不允许使用非便携式应用程序。

pyg*_*eek 2

问题

非特权用户需要以安全的方式访问只有特权用户才可用的功能。

解决方案

创建一个服务器-客户端接口,其中功能与实际系统分离,以防止安全问题(即:不要直接从客户端传递命令或选项以供服务器执行)。

考虑使用 gRPC 作为此服务器-客户端接口。如果您以前没有使用过 gRPC,请看以下示例:

创建一个temperature.proto

syntax = "proto3";

option java_multiple_files = true;
option java_package = "temperature";
option java_outer_classname = "TemperatureProto";
option objc_class_prefix = "TEMP";

package temperature;

service SystemTemperature {
  rpc GetTemperature (TemperatureRequest) returns (TemperatureReply) {}
}

message TemperatureRequest {
  string name = 1;
}

message TemperatureReply {
  string message = 1;
}
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protoc使用库中的内容编译上述内容protobuf

python -m grpc_tools.protoc --proto_path=. temperature.proto --python_out=. --grpc_python_out=.
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这将生成一个名为 的文件temperature_pb2_grpc.py,您将在其中定义 GetTemperature 的功能和响应,请注意,您可以根据从客户端传递的TemperatureRequest 选项实现上下文逻辑分支。

temperature_server.py完成后,只需从特权用户和temperature_client.py非特权用户编写并运行即可。

参考

gRPC: https: //grpc.io

gRPC 快速入门指南:https://grpc.io/docs/languages/ruby/quickstart/

协议缓冲区: https: //developers.google.com/protocol-buffers/