使用 docker/build-push-action 在 GitHub Actions 中本地构建 docker 镜像

Question

我的项目中有几个 Dockerfile。一种是用于构建basic图像，其中包含一些业务级别的抽象。其他人正在根据basic图像构建服务。

所以在我的服务的 Dockerfiles 中，我有类似的东西

FROM my-project/base
# Adding some custom logic around basic stuff

我使用 GitHub Actions 作为我的 CI/CD 工具。起初我有一个步骤将 docker 安装到我的工人中，然后运行如下：

- name: Build base image
  working-directory: business
  run: docker build -t my-project/base .

- name: Build and push service
  working-directory: service
  run: |
    docker build -t my-ecr-repo/service .
    docker push my-ecr-repo/service

但是后来我找到了 docker/build-push-action 并决定在我的管道中使用它：

- name: Build business-layer container
  uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
  with:
    load: true
    tags: my-project/base
    context: business
    file: business/Dockerfile

- name: Build service
  uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
  with:
    push: true
    tags: my-ecr-repo/service
    context: service
    file: service/Dockerfile

至于现在，第二步尝试下载docker.io /my-project/base，显然做不到，因为我从来没有推送过base image：

ERROR: pull access denied, repository does not exist or may require authorization: server message: insufficient_scope: authorization failed

问题是：构建镜像的正确方法是 什么，以便可以通过以下构建步骤在本地访问它？

PS：我不想把我的裸照推到basic任何地方。

Answer 1

github 操作docker/setup-buildx-action@v1默认为驱动程序，docker-container 如文档所述。
这意味着默认情况下构建将在容器中运行，因此图像在操作之外不可用。
解决方案是将驱动程序设置为docker：

     ...

      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
        with:
          driver: docker # defaults to "docker-containerized"

      - name: Build business-layer container
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
        with:
          # using "load: true" forces the docker driver
          # not necessary here, because we set it before
          #load: true
          tags: my-project/base:latest
          context: business
          file: business/Dockerfile

      - name: Build service
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
        with:
          # using "push: true" will lead to error:
          # Error: buildx call failed with: auto-push is currently not implemented for docker driver
          # so you will have to follow the solution outlined here:
          # https://github.com/docker/build-push-action/issues/100#issuecomment-715352826
          # and push the image manually following the build
          #push: true
          tags: my-ecr-repo/service:latest
          context: service
          file: service/Dockerfile

      # list all images, you will see my-ecr-repo/service and my-project/base
      - name: Look up images
        run: docker image ls

      # push the image manually, see above comment
      - name: Push image
        run: docker push my-ecr-repo/service:latest

     ...

Answer 2

我相信您需要load: true在基本图像和最终图像中进行设置。这改变了使用本地 docker 引擎处理图像的行为。我相信如果你这样做，你需要运行一个单独的推送，例如：

- name: Build business-layer container
  uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
  with:
    load: true
    tags: my-project/base
    context: business
    file: business/Dockerfile

- name: Build service
  uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
  with:
    load: true
    tags: my-ecr-repo/service
    context: service
    file: service/Dockerfile

- name: push service
  run: |
    docker push my-ecr-repo/service

另一种选择是使用本地注册表。这具有支持多平台构建的优势。但是你会想用你的基本图像从 切换load到push，我会将基本图像作为构建参数传递，以使其更容易用于 Github 操作之外的用例，例如：

jobs:
  local-registry:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    services:
      registry:
        image: registry:2
        ports:
          - 5000:5000
    steps:
      - name: Login to DockerHub
        uses: docker/login-action@v1 
        with:
          username: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
      # qemu should only be needed for multi-platform images
      - name: Set up QEMU
        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@v2
      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v1
        with:
          driver-opts: network=host
      - name: Build business-layer container
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
        with:
          push: true
          tags: localhost:5000/my-project/base
          context: business
          file: business/Dockerfile
      - name: Build service
        uses: docker/build-push-action@v2
        with:
          push: true
          tags: my-ecr-repo/service
          context: service
          file: service/Dockerfile
          build-args: |
            BASE_IMAGE=localhost:5000/my-project/base

然后您的 Dockerfile 将允许将基本映像指定为构建参数：

ARG BASE_IMAGE=my-project/base
FROM ${BASE_IMAGE}
# ...