Sou*_*osh 4 c# asynchronous task-parallel-library async-await parallel.foreach
我有一个 Parallel.ForEach 循环,它循环遍历一个集合。在内部,我进行了多次网络 I/O 调用的循环。我使用了 Task.ContinueWith 并嵌套了后续的 async-await 调用。处理的顺序无关紧要,但每个异步调用的数据都应该以同步方式处理。含义 - 对于每次迭代,从第一个异步调用中检索到的数据应该传递给第二个异步调用。在第二个异步调用完成后,来自两个异步调用的数据应该一起处理。
Parallel.ForEach(someCollection, parallelOptions, async (item, state) =>
{
Task<Country> countryTask = Task.Run(() => GetCountry(item.ID));
//this is my first async call
await countryTask.ContinueWith((countryData) =>
{
countries.Add(countryData.Result);
Task<State> stateTask = Task.Run(() => GetState(countryData.Result.CountryID));
//based on the data I receive in 'stateTask', I make another async call
stateTask.ContinueWith((stateData) =>
{
states.Add(stateData.Result);
// use data from both the async calls pass it to below function for some calculation
// in a synchronized way (for a country, its corresponding state should be passed)
myCollection.ConcurrentAddRange(SomeCalculation(countryData.Result, stateData.Result));
});
});
});
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
我在不使用 continue await 的情况下尝试了上述操作,但它没有以同步方式工作。现在,上面的代码执行完成,但没有处理任何记录。
请问有什么帮助吗?如果我可以添加更多详细信息,请告诉我。
由于您的方法涉及 I/O,它们应该被编写为真正异步的,而不仅仅是使用Task.Run.
然后你可以Task.WhenAll结合使用Enumerable.Select:
var tasks = someCollection.Select(async item =>
{
var country = await GetCountryAsync(item.Id);
var state = await GetStateAsync(country.CountryID);
var calculation = SomeCalculation(country, state);
return (country, state, calculation);
});
foreach (var tuple in await Task.WhenAll(tasks))
{
countries.Add(tuple.country);
states.Add(tuple.state);
myCollection.AddRange(tuple.calculation);
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
这将确保各country> state>calculation顺序发生,但每个item被同时处理,和异步。
根据评论更新
using var semaphore = new SemaphoreSlim(2);
using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
int failures = 0;
var tasks = someCollection.Select(async item =>
{
await semaphore.WaitAsync(cts.Token);
try
{
var country = await GetCountryAsync(item.Id);
var state = await GetStateAsync(country.CountryID);
var calculation = SomeCalculation(country, state);
Interlocked.Exchange(ref failures, 0);
return (country, state, calculation);
{
catch
{
if (Interlocked.Increment(ref failures) >= 10)
{
cts.Cancel();
}
throw;
}
finally
{
semaphore.Release();
}
});
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
信号量保证最多 2 个并发异步操作,并且取消令牌会在 10 个连续异常后取消所有未完成的任务。
这些Interlocked方法确保failures以线程安全的方式访问它。
进一步更新
使用 2 个信号量来防止多次迭代可能更有效。
将所有列表添加封装到一个方法中:
void AddToLists(Country country, State state, Calculation calculation)
{
countries.Add(country);
states.Add(state);
myCollection.AddRange(calculation);
}
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
然后,您可以允许 2 个线程同时为 Http 请求提供服务,并允许 1 个线程执行添加,从而使该操作成为线程安全的:
using var httpSemaphore = new SemaphoreSlim(2);
using var listAddSemaphore = new SemaphoreSlim(1);
using var cts = new CancellationTokenSource();
int failures = 0;
await Task.WhenAll(someCollection.Select(async item =>
{
await httpSemaphore.WaitAsync(cts.Token);
try
{
var country = await GetCountryAsync(item.Id);
var state = await GetStateAsync(country.CountryID);
var calculation = SomeCalculation(country, state);
await listAddSemaphore.WaitAsync(cts.Token);
AddToLists(country, state, calculation);
Interlocked.Exchange(ref failures, 0);
{
catch
{
if (Interlocked.Increment(ref failures) >= 10)
{
cts.Cancel();
}
throw;
}
finally
{
httpSemaphore.Release();
listAddSemaphore.Release();
}
}));
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
我认为你把这个问题复杂化了;在 内部Parallel.ForEach,您已经在线程池中,因此在内部创建大量附加任务确实没有任何好处。所以; 如何做到这一点实际上取决于GetStateetc 是同步还是异步。如果我们假设是同步的,那么类似于:
Parallel.ForEach(someCollection, parallelOptions, (item, _) =>
{
var country = GetCountry(item.Id);
countries.Add(country); // warning: may need to synchronize
var state = GetState(country.CountryID);
states.Add(state); // warning: may need to synchronize
// use data from both the async calls pass it to below function for some calculation
// in a synchronized way (for a country, its corresponding state should be passed)
myCollection.ConcurrentAddRange(SomeCalculation(country, state));
});
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
如果它们是异步的,就会变得更尴尬;这将是很好,如果我们可以这样做:
// WARNING: DANGEROUS CODE - DO NOT COPY
Parallel.ForEach(someCollection, parallelOptions, async (item, _) =>
{
var country = await GetCountryAsync(item.Id);
countries.Add(country); // warning: may need to synchronize
var state = await GetStateAsync(country.CountryID);
states.Add(state); // warning: may need to synchronize
// use data from both the async calls pass it to below function for some calculation
// in a synchronized way (for a country, its corresponding state should be passed)
myCollection.ConcurrentAddRange(SomeCalculation(country, state));
});
Run Code Online (Sandbox Code Playgroud)
但这里的问题是没有一个回调Parallel.ForEach是“awaitable”的,这意味着:我们在async void这里默默地创建了一个回调,这是:非常糟糕。这意味着Parallel.ForEach一旦非完成await发生,它就会认为它已经“完成” ,这意味着:
目前似乎没有任何好的 API 可以避免这种情况。
| 归档时间: |
|
| 查看次数: |
864 次 |
| 最近记录: |