Windows 10 上已安装应用程序的列表

Question

我正在尝试以编程方式列出我的 win10 系统上所有已安装的应用程序。
基本上，我试图获取当您在资源管理器窗口中键入“shell：appsFolder”时可以看到的列表。

这是我使用的代码：

HRESULT hr;
IShellFolder *psParent= nullptr, *psApps= nullptr;
LPITEMIDLIST pidlSystem = NULL;
hr = SHGetFolderLocation(NULL, CSIDL_SYSTEM, NULL, NULL, &pidlSystem); // get root pidl which is needed to get the parrent of our app folder
LPITEMIDLIST pidlApps= NULL;

if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= SHGetKnownFolderItem(FOLDERID_AppsFolder, KF_FLAG_DEFAULT, NULL, IID_IShellItem , (void**)&pidlApps)))
    goto done;  // get pidl for apps folder

if (!SUCCEEDED(hr=SHBindToParent(pidlSystem, IID_IShellFolder, (void **) &psParent, (LPCITEMIDLIST*)&pidlApps)))
    goto done; // Get shell folder of parrent, which is needed to get shell folder of appsFolder

psApps= NULL;

if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= psParent->BindToObject(pidlApps, nullptr, IID_IShellFolder, (void **)&psApps)))
    goto done; // finally get shell folder of appsFolder!

IEnumIDList *IDList;

if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= psApps->EnumObjects(nullptr, SHCONTF_NONFOLDERS, &IDList)))
    goto done; // start the file scanning process

LPITEMIDLIST object= (LPITEMIDLIST)CoTaskMemAlloc(sizeof(*object)); // allocate room to receive data..

while (IDList->Next(1, &object, nullptr)!=S_FALSE)                  // and the list loop
{
    STRRET strDispName;
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= psApps->GetDisplayNameOf(object, SHGDN_NORMAL, &strDispName)))
        continue; // get the name in some weired format
    TCHAR szDisplayName[MAX_PATH];
    if (!SUCCEEDED(hr= StrRetToBuf(&strDispName, pidlApps, szDisplayName, sizeof(szDisplayName))))
        continue; // transform it to string...
    ATLTRACE2(L"found %s\n", szDisplayName);
}
IDList->Release();
CoTaskMemFree(object);

问题是我最终得到了超过 2000 个项目的列表，包括 .jpg 和其他 .dll 文件，但此列表与资源管理器窗口向我显示的内容不对应！例如，“word”不存在，既不作为链接，也不作为 winword.exe，而在资源管理器窗口中。

知道发生了什么事吗？

Answer 1

如果 shell:appsFolder 确实是您想要的，那么就使用它。像这样的东西：

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CoInitialize(NULL);\nCComPtr<IShellItem> folder;\nif (SUCCEEDED(SHCreateItemFromParsingName(L"shell:appsFolder", nullptr, IID_PPV_ARGS(&folder))))\n{\n  CComPtr<IEnumShellItems> enumItems;\n  if (SUCCEEDED(folder->BindToHandler(nullptr, BHID_EnumItems, IID_PPV_ARGS(&enumItems))))\n  {\n    IShellItem* items;\n    while (enumItems->Next(1, &items, nullptr) == S_OK)\n    {\n      CComPtr<IShellItem> item = items;\n      CComHeapPtr<wchar_t> name;\n      if (SUCCEEDED(item->GetDisplayName(SIGDN_NORMALDISPLAY, &name)))\n      {\n        wprintf(L"%s\\n", name);\n      }\n\n      // dump all properties\n      CComPtr<IPropertyStore> store;\n      if (SUCCEEDED(item->BindToHandler(NULL, BHID_PropertyStore, IID_PPV_ARGS(&store))))\n      {\n        DWORD count = 0;\n        store->GetCount(&count);\n        for (DWORD i = 0; i < count; i++) {\n          PROPERTYKEY pk;\n          if (SUCCEEDED(store->GetAt(i, &pk)))\n          {\n            CComHeapPtr<wchar_t> pkName;\n            PSGetNameFromPropertyKey(pk, &pkName); // needs propsys.lib\n\n            PROPVARIANT pv;\n            PropVariantInit(&pv);\n            if (SUCCEEDED(store->GetValue(pk, &pv)))\n            {\n              CComHeapPtr<wchar_t> pvs;\n              pvs.Allocate(512);\n              PropVariantToString(pv, pvs, 512); // needs propvarutil.h and propsys.lib\n              PropVariantClear(&pv);\n              wprintf(L" %s=%s\\n", pkName, pvs);\n            }\n            else\n            {\n              wprintf(L" %s=???\\n", pkName);\n            }\n          }\n        }\n      }\n    }\n  }\n}\n\nCoUninitialize();\n

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注意1：我使用了Visual Studio的ATL智能类，这要容易得多。

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注意2：我使用过IShellItem，这在某种程度上是对Shell 进行编程的新方法。您不再需要使用 IShellFolder、IEnumIDList、STRRET 等

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注意3：我添加了一个代码来转储项目的所有属性。属性内容列表取决于应用程序的类型。这里有两个例子：

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Google Chrome (not a UWP app)\n System.ItemNameDisplay=Google Chrome\n System.Keywords=chrome\n System.Tile.Background=4285031263\n System.Tile.Foreground=4294967295\n System.Tile.Square150x150LogoPath=79.0.3945.130\\VisualElements\\Logo.png\n System.Tile.Flags=1185\n System.Tile.Square70x70LogoPath=79.0.3945.130\\VisualElements\\SmallLogo.png\n System.ThumbnailCacheId=15284856079963922257\n System.Link.TargetParsingPath=C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Google\\Chrome\\Application\\chrome.exe\n System.AppUserModel.ID=Chrome\n System.AppUserModel.PreventPinning=0\n System.AppUserModel.BestShortcut=20; 0; 31; 80; 224; 79; 208; 32; 234; 58; 105; 16; 162; 216; 8; 0; 43; 48; 48; 157; 25; 0; 47; 67; 58; 92; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 98; 0; 49; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 16; 0; 80; 114; 111; 103; 114; 97; 109; 68; 97; 116; 97; 0; 72; 0; 9; 0; 4; 0; 239; 190; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 46; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 0; 80; 0; 114; 0; 111; 0; 103; 0; 114; 0; 97; 0; 109; 0; 68; 0; 97; 0; 116; 0; 97; 0; 0; 0; 26; 0; 92; 0; 49\n System.AppUserModel.HostEnvironment=0\n System.AppUserModel.InstalledBy=0\n System.AppUserModel.RunFlags=1\n ...\n\nPaint\xc2\xa03D (a UWP app).\n System.ItemNameDisplay=Paint\xc2\xa03D\n System.Tile.SmallLogoPath=Assets\\Logos\\Square44x44\\PaintAppList.png\n System.Tile.Background=4292311040\n System.Tile.Foreground=4294967295\n System.Tile.LongDisplayName=Paint\xc2\xa03D\n System.Tile.Square150x150LogoPath=Assets\\Logos\\Square150x150\\PaintMedTile.png\n System.Tile.Wide310x150LogoPath=Assets\\Logos\\Wide310x150\\PaintWideTile.png\n System.Tile.Flags=1185\n System.Tile.Square310x310LogoPath=Assets\\Logos\\Square310x310\\PaintLargeTile.png\n System.Tile.Square70x70LogoPath=Assets\\Logos\\Square71x71\\PaintSmallTile.png\n System.Launcher.AppState=0\n System.ThumbnailCacheId=10531553521183290931\n System.AppUserModel.ID=Microsoft.MSPaint_8wekyb3d8bbwe!Microsoft.MSPaint\n System.AppUserModel.HostEnvironment=1\n System.AppUserModel.PackageInstallPath=C:\\Program Files\\WindowsApps\\Microsoft.MSPaint_6.1907.18017.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe\n System.AppUserModel.PackageFamilyName=Microsoft.MSPaint_8wekyb3d8bbwe\n System.AppUserModel.PackageFullName=Microsoft.MSPaint_6.1907.18017.0_x64__8wekyb3d8bbwe\n System.AppUserModel.TileUniqueId={3911A337-8941-4141-9D5D-6C2575D40995}\n

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