如何为 Ansible playbook 选择 Python 解释器？

Question

我有python2.7和python3.5在我的ansible服务器中，同时执行它正在使用的剧本python2.7。我想在执行剧本时ansible使用python3.5。

 in order:
   1 have set export path.
   2 also changed default interpreter path in ansible.cfg as well.
   3 have given specific interpretor path in hostsfile for particular host.

但是，仍然ansible没有运行python3。

Answer 1

1) 有ANSIBLE_PYTHON_INTERPRETER配置参数需要设置：

用于在远程目标上执行模块的 Python 解释器的路径

2)控制器上的 Python 版本取决于 Ansible 的构建方式。例如

• Ubuntu 18.04使用 Python 2.x

shell> grep DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 18.04.4 LTS"

shell> dpkg -l | grep ansible
ii  ansible                                2.9.6-1ppa~bionic

shell> ansible --version
ansible 2.9.6
  config file = /home/admin/.ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = [u'/home/admin/.ansible/my_modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 2.7.17 (default, Nov  7 2019, 10:07:09) [GCC 7.4.0]

• Ubuntu 20.04使用 Python 3.x

shell> grep DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION /etc/lsb-release
DISTRIB_DESCRIPTION="Ubuntu 20.04 LTS"

shell> dpkg -l | grep ansible
ii  ansible                               2.9.6+dfsg-1

shell> ansible --version
ansible 2.9.6
  config file = /home/admin/.ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = ['/home/admin/.ansible/my_modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/bin/ansible
  python version = 3.8.2 (default, Apr 27 2020, 15:53:34) [GCC 9.3.0]

• Centos 7使用 Python 2.7 查看build.log
• FreeBSD使用 Python 3.x 或 Python 2.x

sheel> uname -a
FreeBSD master.example.com 12.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 12.1-RELEASE r354233 GENERIC  amd64

shell> pkg info | grep ansible
py27-ansible-2.8.5             Radically simple IT automation
py36-ansible-2.8.5             Radically simple IT automation

shell> ansible --version
ansible 2.8.5
  config file = /home/admin/.ansible.cfg
  configured module search path = ['/home/admin/.ansible/plugins/modules', '/usr/local/share/py36-ansible/plugins/modules']
  ansible python module location = /usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/ansible
  executable location = /usr/local/bin/ansible
  python version = 3.6.9 (default, Nov 14 2019, 01:16:50) [GCC 4.2.1 Compatible FreeBSD Clang 6.0.1 (tags/RELEASE_601/final 335540)

Answer 2

如果要为单个主机和组设置 Python 解释器，请设置ansible_python_interpreter库存变量。

但是，如果您想将 Python 解释器设置为全局使用，则在配置文件interpreter_python的[defaults]部分中设置密钥ansible.cfg。

有关上述两个选项的可能值的完整列表，请参阅：https : //docs.ansible.com/ansible/latest/reference_appendices/interpreter_discovery.html

另请参阅此示例以了解以下内容的用法ansible_python_interpreter：https : //docs.ansible.com/ansible/2.4/python_3_support.html，“测试 Python 3 模块支持”部分。