使用 std::variants 的 std::variant 可以吗

Question

我试图将两种变体合并为一种变体，只是为了便于阅读。这是代码：

using VariantType_basic = std::variant<int8_t, uint8_t, int16_t, uint16_t, int32_t, uint32_t, int64_t, uint64_t, std::string>;
using VariantType_vector = std::variant<vector<int8_t>, vector<uint8_t>, vector<int16_t>, vector<uint16_t>, vector<int32_t>, vector<uint32_t>, vector<int64_t>, vector<uint64_t>, vector<std::string>>;
using VariantType_all = std::variant<VariantType_basic, VariantType_vector>;

class Container {
    public:
        Container(){}
        template<typename T>
        T get(string key, bool &found){
            found = false;
            T result;
            auto elem = m_internal_map.find(key);
            if(elem != m_internal_map.end())
                std::visit( 
                    [&](const auto& v){ 
                        // if(holds_alternative<T>(v)){

                        result = std::get<T>(v);
                        found = true;
                    //} 
                },  
                    elem->second 
                    );

            return result;
        }

        template<typename T>
        void put(string key, T&elem){

        }
    private:
        map<string, VariantType_all> m_internal_map;
};

result = std::get<T>(v);当我尝试执行以下操作时，get() 方法在编译时失败：

Container cont;
bool found;
cont.get<uint16_t>("www", found);

错误消息很大，但第一个错误消息是这样的：/usr/include/c++/7/variant:762:7: error: static assertion failed: T should occur for exactly once in alternatives

我应该停止尝试使用变体的变体吗？

Answer 1

我建议“扁平化”变体而不是变体的变体：

template <typename Var1, typename Var2> struct variant_flat;

template <typename ... Ts1, typename ... Ts2>
struct variant_flat<std::variant<Ts1...>, std::variant<Ts2...>>
{
    using type = std::variant<Ts1..., Ts2...>;
};

using VariantType_basic = std::variant<int8_t, uint8_t, int16_t, uint16_t, int32_t, uint32_t, int64_t, uint64_t, std::string>;
using VariantType_vector = std::variant<std::vector<int8_t>, std::vector<uint8_t>, std::vector<int16_t>, std::vector<uint16_t>, std::vector<int32_t>, std::vector<uint32_t>, std::vector<int64_t>, std::vector<uint64_t>, std::vector<std::string>>;
using VariantType_all = variant_flat<VariantType_basic, VariantType_vector>::type;

并且您的班级只需处理一个变体级别：

class Container
{
public:
    Container(){}

    template<typename T>
    T get(const std::string& key, bool &found) const {
        found = false;
        T result;
        auto elem = m_internal_map.find(key);
        if (elem != m_internal_map.end() && std::holds_alternative<T>(elem->second)){
            result = std::get<T>(elem->second);
            found = true;
        }
        return result;
    }

    template<typename T>
    void put(const std::string& key, const T& elem) {
        m_internal_map[key] = elem;
    }
private:
    std::map<std::string, VariantType_all> m_internal_map;
};

演示