我正在使用ConcurrentQueue共享数据结构,其目的是保存传递给它的最后N个对象(历史记录类型).
假设我们有一个浏览器,我们希望最后100个浏览Urls.我想要一个队列,当容量变满时(历史中的100个地址),当新条目插入(入队)时自动删除(出列)最旧的(第一个)条目.
我怎样才能实现这个目标System.Collections?
Ric*_*der 108
我会编写一个包装类,在Enqueue上检查Count,然后在计数超过限制时Dequeue.
public class FixedSizedQueue<T>
{
ConcurrentQueue<T> q = new ConcurrentQueue<T>();
private object lockObject = new object();
public int Limit { get; set; }
public void Enqueue(T obj)
{
q.Enqueue(obj);
lock (lockObject)
{
T overflow;
while (q.Count > Limit && q.TryDequeue(out overflow)) ;
}
}
}
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Dav*_*nce 99
我会稍微改变一下......扩展ConcurrentQueue以便能够在FixedSizeQueue上使用Linq扩展
public class FixedSizedQueue<T> : ConcurrentQueue<T>
{
private readonly object syncObject = new object();
public int Size { get; private set; }
public FixedSizedQueue(int size)
{
Size = size;
}
public new void Enqueue(T obj)
{
base.Enqueue(obj);
lock (syncObject)
{
while (base.Count > Size)
{
T outObj;
base.TryDequeue(out outObj);
}
}
}
}
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Tod*_*son 28
对于任何发现它有用的人,这里有一些基于Richard Schneider的答案的工作代码:
public class FixedSizedQueue<T>
{
readonly ConcurrentQueue<T> queue = new ConcurrentQueue<T>();
public int Size { get; private set; }
public FixedSizedQueue(int size)
{
Size = size;
}
public void Enqueue(T obj)
{
queue.Enqueue(obj);
while (queue.Count > Size)
{
T outObj;
queue.TryDequeue(out outObj);
}
}
}
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Jul*_*iet 11
对于它的价值,这里是一个轻量级的循环缓冲区,其中一些方法标记为安全和不安全使用.
public class CircularBuffer<T> : IEnumerable<T>
{
readonly int size;
readonly object locker;
int count;
int head;
int rear;
T[] values;
public CircularBuffer(int max)
{
this.size = max;
locker = new object();
count = 0;
head = 0;
rear = 0;
values = new T[size];
}
static int Incr(int index, int size)
{
return (index + 1) % size;
}
private void UnsafeEnsureQueueNotEmpty()
{
if (count == 0)
throw new Exception("Empty queue");
}
public int Size { get { return size; } }
public object SyncRoot { get { return locker; } }
#region Count
public int Count { get { return UnsafeCount; } }
public int SafeCount { get { lock (locker) { return UnsafeCount; } } }
public int UnsafeCount { get { return count; } }
#endregion
#region Enqueue
public void Enqueue(T obj)
{
UnsafeEnqueue(obj);
}
public void SafeEnqueue(T obj)
{
lock (locker) { UnsafeEnqueue(obj); }
}
public void UnsafeEnqueue(T obj)
{
values[rear] = obj;
if (Count == Size)
head = Incr(head, Size);
rear = Incr(rear, Size);
count = Math.Min(count + 1, Size);
}
#endregion
#region Dequeue
public T Dequeue()
{
return UnsafeDequeue();
}
public T SafeDequeue()
{
lock (locker) { return UnsafeDequeue(); }
}
public T UnsafeDequeue()
{
UnsafeEnsureQueueNotEmpty();
T res = values[head];
values[head] = default(T);
head = Incr(head, Size);
count--;
return res;
}
#endregion
#region Peek
public T Peek()
{
return UnsafePeek();
}
public T SafePeek()
{
lock (locker) { return UnsafePeek(); }
}
public T UnsafePeek()
{
UnsafeEnsureQueueNotEmpty();
return values[head];
}
#endregion
#region GetEnumerator
public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
{
return UnsafeGetEnumerator();
}
public IEnumerator<T> SafeGetEnumerator()
{
lock (locker)
{
List<T> res = new List<T>(count);
var enumerator = UnsafeGetEnumerator();
while (enumerator.MoveNext())
res.Add(enumerator.Current);
return res.GetEnumerator();
}
}
public IEnumerator<T> UnsafeGetEnumerator()
{
int index = head;
for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
yield return values[index];
index = Incr(index, size);
}
}
System.Collections.IEnumerator System.Collections.IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return this.GetEnumerator();
}
#endregion
}
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我喜欢使用这个Foo()/SafeFoo()/UnsafeFoo()惯例:
Foo方法调用UnsafeFoo默认值.UnsafeFoo 方法在没有锁的情况下自由地修改状态,它们应该只调用其他不安全的方法.SafeFoo方法调用UnsafeFoo锁内的方法.它有点冗长,但它会产生明显的错误,比如在一个本应是线程安全的方法中调用锁外的不安全方法,更明显.
我的版本只是普通版本的一个子类Queue..没什么特别的,但看到每个人都参与其中,它仍然与主题标题一致,我不妨把它放在这里。它还返回出列的以防万一。
public sealed class SizedQueue<T> : Queue<T>
{
public int FixedCapacity { get; }
public SizedQueue(int fixedCapacity)
{
this.FixedCapacity = fixedCapacity;
}
/// <summary>
/// If the total number of item exceed the capacity, the oldest ones automatically dequeues.
/// </summary>
/// <returns>The dequeued value, if any.</returns>
public new T Enqueue(T item)
{
base.Enqueue(item);
if (base.Count > FixedCapacity)
{
return base.Dequeue();
}
return default;
}
}
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这是我对固定大小队列的看法
它使用常规队列,以避免在Count上使用该属性时的同步开销ConcurrentQueue。它还实现了IReadOnlyCollection可以使用 LINQ 方法。其余的与此处的其他答案非常相似。
[Serializable]
[DebuggerDisplay("Count = {" + nameof(Count) + "}, Limit = {" + nameof(Limit) + "}")]
public class FixedSizedQueue<T> : IReadOnlyCollection<T>
{
private readonly Queue<T> _queue = new Queue<T>();
private readonly object _lock = new object();
public int Count { get { lock (_lock) { return _queue.Count; } } }
public int Limit { get; }
public FixedSizedQueue(int limit)
{
if (limit < 1)
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(limit));
Limit = limit;
}
public FixedSizedQueue(IEnumerable<T> collection)
{
if (collection is null || !collection.Any())
throw new ArgumentException("Can not initialize the Queue with a null or empty collection", nameof(collection));
_queue = new Queue<T>(collection);
Limit = _queue.Count;
}
public void Enqueue(T obj)
{
lock (_lock)
{
_queue.Enqueue(obj);
while (_queue.Count > Limit)
_queue.Dequeue();
}
}
public void Clear()
{
lock (_lock)
_queue.Clear();
}
public IEnumerator<T> GetEnumerator()
{
lock (_lock)
return new List<T>(_queue).GetEnumerator();
}
IEnumerator IEnumerable.GetEnumerator()
{
return GetEnumerator();
}
}
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只是因为还没有人说过......你可以使用 aLinkedList<T>并添加线程安全性:
public class Buffer<T> : LinkedList<T>
{
private int capacity;
public Buffer(int capacity)
{
this.capacity = capacity;
}
public void Enqueue(T item)
{
// todo: add synchronization mechanism
if (Count == capacity) RemoveLast();
AddFirst(item);
}
public T Dequeue()
{
// todo: add synchronization mechanism
var last = Last.Value;
RemoveLast();
return last;
}
}
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需要注意的一件事是,在此示例中,默认枚举顺序为 LIFO。但如果有必要的话,这可以被覆盖。