复制构造函数初始化初始化列表中的引用成员会导致悬空指针

use*_*743 1 c++ reference copy-constructor

我有一个 A 级,有一个参考成员num。我编写了一个num在初始化列表中初始化的复制构造函数。但结果好像很奇怪,打印出来的值不应该是100吗?a.num我的程序什么时候修改了和的值aa.num

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

class A{
public:
    int& num;
    A(int n):num(n){}
    A(const A& obj):num(obj.num){}

    void print(){
        cout << num << endl;
    }
};

int main(){

    A a(100);
    A aa = a;
    a.print();  //Expected to be 100, but it isn't
    aa.print(); //Also expected to be 100, but it isn't

    //The address of a.num and aa.num are the same, so both of them are referencing to the same place. But the question is why the value isn't 100 but a strange value
    cout << &(a.num) << " " << &(aa.num) <<endl;
}
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输出是:

-1077613148
-1077613148
0xbfc4ed94 0xbfc4ed94
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son*_*yao 5

该问题与复制构造函数无关。在构造函数中A::A(int n),您将成员引用绑定num到构造函数参数n,当退出构造函数时,该参数将被销毁,使引用num悬空。对它的任何取消引用都会导致 UB。

您可以将构造函数更改为获取引用,

A(int& n):num(n){}
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然后像这样使用它

int i = 100;
A a(i);
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居住