SwiftUI中的多组件选择器（UIPickerView）

Question

我试图在SwiftUI应用程序中添加三成分选择器（UIPickerView）（在传统的UIKit应用程序中，数据源3将从该numberOfComponents方法返回），但是我在任何地方都找不到此示例。

我曾尝试添加一个由三个单一组件选择器组成的HStack，但是如果它们全部都属于一个选择器，则其透视图将与之不同。

Answer 1

这是上述解决方案的改编版，使用 UIKit 选择器：

import SwiftUI

struct PickerView: UIViewRepresentable {
    var data: [[String]]
    @Binding var selections: [Int]

    //makeCoordinator()
    func makeCoordinator() -> PickerView.Coordinator {
        Coordinator(self)
    }

    //makeUIView(context:)
    func makeUIView(context: UIViewRepresentableContext<PickerView>) -> UIPickerView {
        let picker = UIPickerView(frame: .zero)

        picker.dataSource = context.coordinator
        picker.delegate = context.coordinator

        return picker
    }

    //updateUIView(_:context:)
    func updateUIView(_ view: UIPickerView, context: UIViewRepresentableContext<PickerView>) {
        for i in 0...(self.selections.count - 1) {
            view.selectRow(self.selections[i], inComponent: i, animated: false)
        }
    }

    class Coordinator: NSObject, UIPickerViewDataSource, UIPickerViewDelegate {
        var parent: PickerView

        //init(_:)
        init(_ pickerView: PickerView) {
            self.parent = pickerView
        }

        //numberOfComponents(in:)
        func numberOfComponents(in pickerView: UIPickerView) -> Int {
            return self.parent.data.count
        }

        //pickerView(_:numberOfRowsInComponent:)
        func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, numberOfRowsInComponent component: Int) -> Int {
            return self.parent.data[component].count
        }

        //pickerView(_:titleForRow:forComponent:)
        func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, titleForRow row: Int, forComponent component: Int) -> String? {
            return self.parent.data[component][row]
        }

        //pickerView(_:didSelectRow:inComponent:)
        func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, didSelectRow row: Int, inComponent component: Int) {
            self.parent.selections[component] = row
        }
    }
}

import SwiftUI

struct ContentView: View {
    private let data: [[String]] = [
        Array(0...10).map { "\($0)" },
        Array(20...40).map { "\($0)" },
        Array(100...200).map { "\($0)" }
    ]

    @State private var selections: [Int] = [5, 10, 50]

    var body: some View {
        VStack {
            PickerView(data: self.data, selections: self.$selections)

            Text("\(self.data[0][self.selections[0]]) \(self.data[1][self.selections[1]]) \(self.data[2][self.selections[2]])")
        } //VStack
    }
}

struct ContentView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        ContentView()
    }
}

Answer 2

UIDatePickerz 做到这一点的最简单方法是使用with datePickerModeset to创建一个包装的 UI 视图.countDownTimer。

将以下代码粘贴到名为“TimeDurationPicker”的新 SwiftUI 视图文件中。选择器使用induration的值进行更新。countDownDurationDatePicker

您可以在画布上预览选择器。

struct TimeDurationPicker: UIViewRepresentable {
    typealias UIViewType = UIDatePicker
    
    @Binding var duration: TimeInterval
   
    func makeUIView(context: Context) -> UIDatePicker {
        let timeDurationPicker = UIDatePicker()
        timeDurationPicker.datePickerMode = .countDownTimer
        timeDurationPicker.addTarget(context.coordinator, action: #selector(Coordinator.changed(_:)), for: .valueChanged)
        return timeDurationPicker
    }

    func updateUIView(_ uiView: UIDatePicker, context: Context) {
        uiView.countDownDuration = duration
    }

    func makeCoordinator() -> TimeDurationPicker.Coordinator {
        Coordinator(duration: $duration)
    }

    class Coordinator: NSObject {
        private var duration: Binding<TimeInterval>

        init(duration: Binding<TimeInterval>) {
            self.duration = duration
        }

        @objc func changed(_ sender: UIDatePicker) {
            self.duration.wrappedValue = sender.countDownDuration
        }
    }
}

struct TimeDurationPicker_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        TimeDurationPicker(duration: .constant(60.0 * 30.0))
    }
}

Answer 3

纯净的更新答案SwiftUI-在此示例中，数据为类型String。

已在Xcode 11.1上测试-可能无法在早期版本上使用。

struct MultiPicker: View  {

    typealias Label = String
    typealias Entry = String

    let data: [ (Label, [Entry]) ]
    @Binding var selection: [Entry]

    var body: some View {
        GeometryReader { geometry in
            HStack {
                ForEach(0..<self.data.count) { column in
                    Picker(self.data[column].0, selection: self.$selection[column]) {
                        ForEach(0..<self.data[column].1.count) { row in
                            Text(verbatim: self.data[column].1[row])
                            .tag(self.data[column].1[row])
                        }
                    }
                    .pickerStyle(WheelPickerStyle())
                    .frame(width: geometry.size.width / CGFloat(self.data.count), height: geometry.size.height)
                    .clipped()
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

演示：

struct ContentView: View {

    @State var data: [(String, [String])] = [
        ("One", Array(0...10).map { "\($0)" }),
        ("Two", Array(20...40).map { "\($0)" }),
        ("Three", Array(100...200).map { "\($0)" })
    ]
    @State var selection: [String] = [0, 20, 100].map { "\($0)" }

    var body: some View {
        VStack(alignment: .center) {
            Text(verbatim: "Selection: \(selection)")
            MultiPicker(data: data, selection: $selection).frame(height: 300)
        }
    }

}

结果：

Answer 4

就像本论坛中的其他几位开发人员一样，我发现纯 SwiftUI 解决方案在 iOS 15 或更高版本中效果不佳。顺便说一句，带有 UIRepresentableView 的 UIPickerView 解决方案也不能很好地工作。高度与需要用户输入的其他视图重叠。在苹果开发者论坛上，TommyL 提出了一个非常优雅且简单的解决方案。基本上，您必须使用以下代码扩展 UIPickerView：

extension UIPickerView {
    open override var intrinsicContentSize: CGSize {
        return CGSize(width: UIView.noIntrinsicMetric, height: 60)
    }
}

您应该填写高度值，以防止选取器在垂直方向上延伸太多。这将限制选择器的视图和触摸区域。它适用于 Xcode 13 和 14 以及 iOS 15 及更高版本。