是否可以在Rust中打印回溯而不必惊慌？

Question

是否可以打印回溯记录（假设已启用RUST_BACKTRACE）而不会出现恐慌？似乎唯一的方法是通过调用panic!。如果没有，那是有原因的吗？

Answer 1

std::backtrace::Backtrace从 rust 1.65.0 开始可以使用：

use std::backtrace::Backtrace;

fn main() {
    // Print backtrace if either RUST_BACKTRACE or RUST_LIB_BACKTRACE is set
    println!("Custom backtrace: {}", Backtrace::capture());

    // or forcibly capture the backtrace regardless of environment variable configuration
    println!("Custom backtrace: {}", Backtrace::force_capture());
}

文档： https: //doc.rust-lang.org/std/backtrace/struct.Backtrace.html

Answer 2

如果出现紧急情况，Rust使用回溯箱来打印回溯（已在PR＃60852中合并）。

一个简单的例子可以在板条箱文档中找到

use backtrace::Backtrace;

fn main() {
    let bt = Backtrace::new();

    // do_some_work();

    println!("{:?}", bt);
}

例如

stack backtrace:
   0: playground::main::h6849180917e9510b (0x55baf1676201)
             at src/main.rs:4
   1: std::rt::lang_start::{{closure}}::hb3ceb20351fe39ee (0x55baf1675faf)
             at /rustc/3c235d5600393dfe6c36eeed34042efad8d4f26e/src/libstd/rt.rs:64
   2: {{closure}} (0x55baf16be492)
             at src/libstd/rt.rs:49
      do_call<closure,i32>
             at src/libstd/panicking.rs:293
   3: __rust_maybe_catch_panic (0x55baf16c00b9)
             at src/libpanic_unwind/lib.rs:87
   4: try<i32,closure> (0x55baf16bef9c)
             at src/libstd/panicking.rs:272
      catch_unwind<closure,i32>
             at src/libstd/panic.rs:388
      lang_start_internal
             at src/libstd/rt.rs:48
   5: std::rt::lang_start::h2c4217f9057b6ddb (0x55baf1675f88)
             at /rustc/3c235d5600393dfe6c36eeed34042efad8d4f26e/src/libstd/rt.rs:64
   6: main (0x55baf16762f9)
   7: __libc_start_main (0x7fab051b9b96)
   8: _start (0x55baf1675e59)
   9: <unknown> (0x0)