django 查询中收到“missing FROM-clause”编程错误

gma*_*map 5 python django postgresql orm

我正在尝试编写一个查询,该查询检索应通知其所有者到期的所有订阅。

我想排除已通知的订阅和具有较新订阅可用的订阅。

接下来是查询:

Subscription.objects.filter(
    end_date__gte=timezone.now(),
    end_date__lte=timezone.now() + timedelta(days=14),
).exclude(
    Q(notifications__type=Notification.AUTORENEWAL_IN_14) | Q(device__subscriptions__start_date__gt=F('start_date'))
)
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如果没有该| Q(device__subscriptions__start_date__gt=F('start_date')部分,查询将完美运行。有了它,django (postgres) 会引发下一个错误:

django.db.utils.ProgrammingError: missing FROM-clause entry for table "u1"
LINE 1: ...ption" U0 INNER JOIN "orders_subscription" U2 ON (U1."id" = ...
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我检查了sql,似乎不正确:

SELECT "orders_subscription"."id",
       "orders_subscription"."months",
       "orders_subscription"."end_date",
       "orders_subscription"."start_date",
       "orders_subscription"."order_id",
       "orders_subscription"."device_id",
FROM "orders_subscription"
WHERE ("orders_subscription"."churned" = false
       AND "orders_subscription"."end_date" >= '2019-04-05T13:27:39.808393+00:00'::timestamptz
       AND "orders_subscription"."end_date" <= '2019-04-19T13:27:39.808412+00:00'::timestamptz
       AND NOT (("orders_subscription"."id" IN
                   (SELECT U1."subscription_id"
                    FROM "notifications_notification" U1
                    WHERE (U1."type" = 'AUTORENEWAL_IN_2W'
                           AND U1."subscription_id" IS NOT NULL))
                 OR ("orders_subscription"."device_id" IN
                       (SELECT U2."device_id"
                        FROM "orders_subscription" U0
                        INNER JOIN "orders_subscription" U2 ON (U1."id" = U2."device_id")
                        WHERE (U2."start_date" > (U0."start_date")
                               AND U2."device_id" IS NOT NULL))
                     AND "orders_subscription"."device_id" IS NOT NULL)))) LIMIT 21

Execution time: 0.030680s [Database: default]
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这是导致问题的部分:

INNER JOIN "orders_subscription" U2 ON (U1."id" = U2."device_id")
 WHERE (U2."start_date" > (U0."start_date")
                               AND U2."device_id" IS NOT NULL))
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U1 没有在任何地方定义(它在另一个子句中本地定义,但这并不重要。

关系模型非常简单,一个设备可以有很多订阅,一个订阅可以有很多(不同的)通知。

class Subscription(models.Model):
    end_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    start_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)

    device = models.ForeignKey(Device, on_delete=models.SET_NULL, null=True, blank=True, related_name="subscriptions")
    # Other non significatn fields

class Device(models.Model):
    # No relational fields

class Notification(models.Model):
    subscription = models.ForeignKey('orders.Subscription', related_name="notifications", null=True, blank=True, on_delete=models.SET_NULL)
    # Other non significatn fields
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所以我的问题是:我的查询是错误的还是 Django ORM 查询生成器中的错误?

End*_*oth 4

ORM 显然无法将您的子句转换为 SQL。即使单独使用该子句(没有前面的子句,即U1查询中的任何位置都没有别名),也会发生这种情况。

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除了不存在的别名之外,ORM 似乎还错误地识别了F(\'start_date\')\xe2\x80\x93 的来源,它是主表orders_subscription(没有别名的表),而不是子查询中的任何别名表。

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您可以通过自己定义适当的子查询来帮助 ORM。

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(下面的尝试基于这样的假设:该子句的目的是排除具有较晚日期的同级订阅(= 相同父设备)的订阅。)

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这是带有更正子句的排除过滤器:

\n\n
from django.db.models import OuterRef, Subquery\n\nqs.exclude(\n    Q(notifications__type=Notification.AUTORENEWAL_IN_14) |\n    Q(device_id__in=Subquery(Subscription.objects\n        .filter(\n            device_id=OuterRef(\'device_id\'), \n            start_date__gt=OuterRef(\'start_date\'))\n        .values(\'device_id\')\n    ))\n)\n
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然而,更仔细地观察过滤器,我们选择了一个列 ( device_id),我们刚刚将其值作为过滤条件传递。这可以通过Exists子查询更好地表达:

\n\n
from django.db.models import OuterRef, Exists\n\n(qs.annotate(has_younger_siblings=Exists(Subscription.objects.filter(\n            device_id=OuterRef(\'device_id\'), \n            start_date__gt=OuterRef(\'start_date\'))))\n  .exclude(has_younger_siblings=True)\n  .exclude(notifications__type=Notification.AUTORENEWAL_IN_14)\n)\n
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