为什么我的asp.net mvc控制器在单元测试期间没有调用它的基类'Initialize方法？

Question

我正在尝试对我的控制器进行单元测试,并且我使用默认的MVC 3 AccountController单元测试作为基础.到目前为止,我有我的控制器,看起来像:

public partial class HomeController : MyBaseController
{
    public HomeController(IUnitOfWork unitOfWork) { _unitOfWork = unitOfWork; }

    public virtual ActionResult Index()
    {

        return View();
    }

    public virtual ActionResult About()
    {
        return View();
    }
}

MyBaseController 具有以下代码:

public class MyBaseController : Controller
{
    public MyJobLeadsBaseController()
    {
        CurrentUserId = 0;
    }

    protected override void Initialize(RequestContext requestContext)
    {
        if (MembershipService == null) { MembershipService = new AccountMembershipService(); }
        base.Initialize(requestContext);

        // If the user is logged in, retrieve their login id
        var user = MembershipService.GetUser();
        if (user != null)
            CurrentUserId = (int)user.ProviderUserKey;
    }

    public int CurrentUserId { get; set; }
    public IMembershipService MembershipService { get; set; }

    protected IUnitOfWork _unitOfWork;
}

当我运行实际站点时,一切正常,断点显示Initialize()正确触发.但是,以下单元测试从不运行该Initialize(RequestContext)方法:

    [TestMethod]
    public void Index_Shows_When_Not_Logged_In()
    {
        // Setup
        HomeController controller = new HomeController(_unitOfWork);
        controller.MembershipService = new MockMembershipService(null);
        SetupController(controller);

        // Act
        ActionResult result = controller.Index();

        // Verify
        Assert.IsNotNull(result, "Index returned a null action result");
        Assert.IsInstanceOfType(result, typeof(ViewResult), "Index did not return a view result");
    }

    protected static void SetupController(Controller controller)
    {
        RequestContext requestContext = new RequestContext(new MockHttpContext(), new RouteData());
        controller.Url = new UrlHelper(requestContext);

        controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext
        {
            Controller = controller,
            RequestContext = requestContext
        };
    }

通过此单元测试进行调试表明,在任何时候都不会MyBaseController.Initialize()调用被覆盖的调用.这会导致我的CurrentUserId属性未在单元测试中设置但在实时系统上设置的问题.

我还需要做些什么来触发Initialize()被叫？

Answer 1

当您通过网站向控制器发出请求时,MVC框架会接收该请求并通过许多不同的步骤运行它.在那个步骤流程中的某个地方,MVC知道它必须调用该Initialize方法,以便它Initialize在你的MyBaseController类中找到并执行它.在这一点上一切都很顺利,一切正常.

当您HomeController在测试代​​码中创建新实例时,您只需创建一个类的新实例.您没有通过MVC请求管道运行该类,并且您的测试框架不知道执行该Initialize方法因此您收到错误.

就个人而言,我希望Index独立于该Initialize方法测试该动作.您Index上面的操作是空的,所以我无法确切地看到您正在尝试做什么,但如果您为登录用户返回一个视图而另一个为匿名用户返回,我会执行以下操作:

[TestMethod]
public void Index_Shows_When_Not_Logged_In(){
    HomeController controller = new HomeController(_unitOfWork);
    controller.CurrentUserId=0;

    controller.Index();

    //Check your view rendered in here
}

[TestMethod]
public void Some_Other_View_Shows_When_Logged_In(){
    HomeController controller = new HomeController(_unitOfWork);
    controller.CurrentUserId=12; //Could be any value

    controller.Index();

    //Check your view rendered in here
}

MVC contrib项目(http://mvccontrib.codeplex.com/)中有一些非常漂亮的测试帮助程序,它们允许您执行以下操作:

controller.Index().AssertViewRendered();