将 json 数组读入 SQL Server 中的行

Question

给定下面的示例 json 数据，我如何编写查询以一步提取所有数组数据？我的目标是 ActionRecs 数组 (4) 中的每个项目都有一行。我的实际 json 更复杂，但我认为这为我的目标提供了一个很好的例子。

declare @json2 nvarchar(max)
set @json2 = '{
    "RequestId": "1",
    "ActionRecs": [
        {
            "Type": "Submit",
            "Employee": "Joe"
        },
        {
            "Type": "Review",
            "Employee": "Betty"
        },
        {
            "Type": "Approve",
            "Employee": "Sam"
        },
        {
            "Type": "Approve",
            "Employee": "Bill"
        }
    ]
}'

SELECT x.*
, JSON_QUERY(@json2, '$.ActionRecs') as ActionArray
from OPENJSON(@json2) 
with (Id varchar(5) '$.RequestId') as x

Answer 1

一种可能的方法是使用OPENJSON()显式模式和附加CROSS APPLY运算符：

DECLARE @json nvarchar(max)
SET @json = N'{
    "RequestId": "1",
    "ActionRecs": [
        {"Type": "Submit", "Employee": "Joe"},
        {"Type": "Review", "Employee": "Betty"},
        {"Type": "Approve", "Employee": "Sam"},
        {"Type": "Approve", "Employee": "Bill"}
    ]
}'

SELECT i.Id, a.[Type], a.[Employee]
FROM OPENJSON(@json) WITH (
   Id varchar(5) '$.RequestId',
   ActionRecs nvarchar(max) '$.ActionRecs' AS JSON
) AS i
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON(i.ActionRecs) WITH (
   [Type] nvarchar(max) '$.Type',
   [Employee] nvarchar(max) '$.Employee'
) a

输出：

Id  Type    Employee
1   Submit  Joe
1   Review  Betty
1   Approve Sam
1   Approve Bill