如何提高词汇处理效率?

Guy*_*der 5 performance prolog lexical-analysis tokenize

在使用DCG解析3 GB的大文件时,效率至关重要。

我的词法分析器的当前版本主要使用or或谓词; / 2,但我读到索引可以提供帮助。

索引是一种用于为特定目标快速选择谓词的候选子句的技术。在大多数Prolog系统中,(仅)对头部的第一个参数进行索引。如果将此参数用函子实例化为原子,整数,浮点或复合项,则使用散列法快速选择第一个参数可以与目标的第一个参数统一的所有子句。SWI-Prolog支持即时和多参数索引。参见2.18节。

有人可以举一个使用索引进行词法化的例子,并可能解释一下它如何提高效率吗?


细节

注意:在将源代码处理到此问题之前,我更改了一些名称。如果您发现错误,请随时在此处进行编辑或给我留言,我们将很乐意解决。

当前我的词法分析器/令牌生成器(基于mzapotoczny / prolog-interpreter parser.pl)是这个

% N.B.
% Since the lexer uses "" for values, the double_quotes flag has to be set to `chars`.
% If double_quotes flag is set to `code`, the the values with "" will not be matched.

:- use_module(library(pio)). 
:- use_module(library(dcg/basics)).
:- set_prolog_flag(double_quotes,chars).

lexer(Tokens) -->
   white_space,
   (
       (  ":",       !, { Token = tokColon }
      ;  "(",       !, { Token = tokLParen }
      ;  ")",       !, { Token = tokRParen }
      ;  "{",       !, { Token = tokLMusta}
      ;  "}",       !, { Token = tokRMusta}
      ;  "\\",      !, { Token = tokSlash}
      ;  "->",      !, { Token = tokImpl}
      ;  "+",       !, { Token = tokPlus }
      ;  "-",       !, { Token = tokMinus }
      ;  "*",       !, { Token = tokTimes }
      ;  "=",       !, { Token = tokEqual }
      ;  "<",       !, { Token = tokLt }
      ;  ">",       !, { Token = tokGt }
      ;  "_",       !, { Token = tokUnderscore }
      ;  ".",       !, { Token = tokPeriod }
      ;  "/",       !, { Token = tokForwardSlash }
      ;  ",",       !, { Token = tokComma }
      ;  ";",       !, { Token = tokSemicolon }
      ;  digit(D),  !,
            number(D, N),
            { Token = tokNumber(N) }
      ;  letter(L), !, identifier(L, Id),
            {  member((Id, Token), [ (div, tokDiv),
                                     (mod, tokMod),
                                     (where, tokWhere)]),
               !
            ;  Token = tokVar(Id)
            }
      ;  [_],
            { Token = tokUnknown }
      ),
      !,
      { Tokens = [Token | TokList] },
      lexer(TokList)
   ;  [],
         { Tokens = [] }
   ).

white_space -->
   [Char], { code_type(Char, space) }, !, white_space.
white_space -->
    "--", whole_line, !, white_space.
white_space -->
   [].

whole_line --> "\n", !.
whole_line --> [_], whole_line.

digit(D) -->
   [D],
      { code_type(D, digit) }.

digits([D|T]) -->
   digit(D),
   !,
   digits(T).
digits([]) -->
   [].

number(D, N) -->
   digits(Ds),
      { number_chars(N, [D|Ds]) }.

letter(L) -->
   [L], { code_type(L, alpha) }.

alphanum([A|T]) -->
   [A], { code_type(A, alnum) }, !, alphanum(T).
alphanum([]) -->
   [].

alphanum([]).
alphanum([H|T]) :- code_type(H, alpha), alphanum(T).

identifier(L, Id) -->
   alphanum(As),
      { atom_codes(Id, [L|As]) }.
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这是一些用于开发和测试的辅助谓词。

read_file_for_lexing_and_user_review(Path) :-
    open(Path,read,Input),
    read_input_for_user_review(Input), !,
    close(Input).

read_file_for_lexing_and_performance(Path,Limit) :-
    open(Path,read,Input),
    read_input_for_performance(Input,0,Limit), !,
    close(Input).

read_input(Input) :-
    at_end_of_stream(Input).

read_input(Input) :-
    \+ at_end_of_stream(Input),
    read_string(Input, "\n", "\r\t ", _, Line),
    lex_line(Line),
    read_input(Input).

read_input_for_user_review(Input) :-
    at_end_of_stream(Input).

read_input_for_user_review(Input) :-
    \+ at_end_of_stream(Input),
    read_string(Input, "\n", "\r\t ", _, Line),
    lex_line_for_user_review(Line),
    nl,
    print('Press spacebar to continue or any other key to exit: '),
    get_single_char(Key),
    process_user_continue_or_exit_key(Key,Input).

read_input_for_performance(Input,Count,Limit) :-
    Count >= Limit.

read_input_for_performance(Input,_,_) :-
    at_end_of_stream(Input).

read_input_for_performance(Input,Count0,Limit) :-
    % print(Count0),
    \+ at_end_of_stream(Input),
    read_string(Input, "\n", "\r\t ", _, Line),
    lex_line(Line),
    Count is Count0 + 1,
    read_input_for_performance(Input,Count,Limit).

process_user_continue_or_exit_key(32,Input) :-  % space bar
    nl, nl,
    read_input_for_user_review(Input).

process_user_continue_or_exit_key(Key) :-
    Key \= 32.

lex_line_for_user_review(Line) :-
    lex_line(Line,TokList),
    print(Line),
    nl,
    print(TokList),
    nl.

lex_line(Line,TokList) :-
    string_chars(Line,Code_line),
    phrase(lexer(TokList),Code_line).

lex_line(Line) :-
    string_chars(Line,Code_line),
    phrase(lexer(TokList),Code_line).

read_user_input_for_lexing_and_user_review :-
    print('Enter a line to parse or just Enter to exit: '),
    nl,
    read_string(user, "\n", "\r", _, String),
    nl,
    lex_line_for_user_review(String),
    nl,
    continue_user_input_for_lexing_and_user_review(String).

continue_user_input_for_lexing_and_user_review(String) :-
    string_length(String,N),
    N > 0,
    read_user_input_for_lexing_and_user_review.

continue_user_input_for_lexing_and_user_review(String) :-
    string_length(String,0).
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read_user_input_for_lexing_and_user_review/0 允许用户在终端上输入字符串以进行词法化并查看令牌。

read_file_for_lexing_and_user_review/1 读取文件以进行词法分析,并一次查看每一行的标记。

read_file_for_lexing_and_performance/2读取要进行词法化的文件,但要限制词法的行数。这用于收集基本性能统计信息以衡量效率。表示与time / 1一起使用。