如何在Python中可靠地处理Web数据

Question

我正在使用以下代码从网站获取数据:

time_out = 4

def tryconnect(turl, timer=time_out, retries=10):
    urlopener = None
    sitefound = 1
    tried = 0
    while (sitefound != 0) and tried < retries:
        try:
            urlopener = urllib2.urlopen(turl, None, timer)
            sitefound = 0
        except urllib2.URLError:
            tried += 1
    if urlopener: return urlopener
    else: return None

[...]

urlopener = tryconnect('www.example.com')
if not urlopener:
    return None
try:
    for line in urlopener:
        do stuff
except httplib.IncompleteRead:
    print 'incomplete'
    return None
except socket.timeout:
    print 'socket'
    return None
return stuff

有没有办法我可以处理所有这些异常而不必每次都有这么多的样板代码？

谢谢!

Answer 1

您也可以在第一个函数中避免使用某些样板代码:

time_out = 4

def tryconnect(turl, timer=time_out, retries=10):
    for tried in xrange(retries):
        try:
            return urllib2.urlopen(turl, None, timer)
        except urllib2.URLError:
            pass
    return None

在第二个:

urlopener = tryconnect('www.example.com')
if urlopener:
    try:
        for line in urlopener:
            do stuff
    except (httplib.IncompleteRead, socket.timeout), e:
        print e
        return None
else:
    return None